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Elections in the USA
Transcript
Sources
Elections in the USA
- http://www.cfr.org/elections/us-presidential-nominating-process/p37522
- http://www.faz.net/aktuell/politik/wahl-in-amerika/wahlsystem-in-usa-so-funktionieren-die-us-vorwahlen-14022828-p2.html#/elections
- http://people.howstuffworks.com/primary.htm
- http://people.howstuffworks.com/primary1.htm
- https://votesmart.org/education/presidential-primary#.VwkOgEeRo4N
- http://www.wahlrecht.de/ausland/us-praesident.html
- http://www.zeit.de/politik/ausland/2012-11/usa-wahl-wahlsystem#wahlm%C3%A4nner
- http://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-15764542
- http://people.howstuffworks.com/question721.htm
- http://people.howstuffworks.com/primary2.htm
Election Process
Midterm Elections
Electoral College
- 2 candidates, for each party
- 1st Tuesday of November => indirect election
- voters elect Electors => Electoral College
- elect the president (and vice president)
- number of Electors proportionate to population
- each state at least 3 Electors
- in all but two states => winner-takes-all system
- Maine and Nebraska => proportional method
- drawn => House of Representatives elects president
General Information
Preliminary Elections
Content
- beginning of the election year => start: Iowa
- not all on the same day
- per party several potential candidates
- in each state => 2 methods: Caucus/Primary
- selecting delegates for party's national convention
=> d. support a politician or remain uncommitted
- national convention: which candidate for presidency
- who gets majority of delegates is candidate for his/her party
- General Information
- Preliminary Elections (President)
-Caucuses
-Primaries
-Awarding the delegates
- Electoral College
- Midterm Elections (Congress)
- Sources
- 2 big parties
- Republicans
- Democrats
- president for 4 years
- indirect elections => people elect the electoral college => elect president and vice president
- requirements for president:
- born in USA
- having US citizenship
- living in USA for at least 14 years
- being at least 35 years old
Primaries
Caucuses
- early 20th century
=> more power to citizens
=> nomination process more inclusive & transparent
- paid by state
- voters elect directly a politician or a delegate
- voting through secret ballot
- 2 types: closed/opened
- closed: only in election for party in which he's a member
- opened: both primaries regardless of party membership
=> voter cannot participate in more than one primary
- Iowa => Caucus-method
- election meetings in electoral districts
- discussion, debate then informal vote to determine delegates
- chosen to represent state's interests
- any registered voter may attend
- original method
- financed & organized by parties
- Primary replaces the Caucus
- caucus-states: party announces meeting date, time
- no postal vote
- often on working days and last long
Awarding the delegates
- democratic party: always proportional method
=> politician receives number of delegates that corresponds to percentage of votes for him/her
- republican party: each state decides, winner-take-all or proportional method
=> winner-take-all: candidate with majority (>50%) of voters receives all the delegates for this state
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