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The BRCA gene
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The BRCA gene
What is breast cancer?
Overview
Genetic Inheritance: autosomal dominant
Gender most affected: Females
Chromosomes affected:
BRCA1 = chromosome 17
BRCA2 = chromosome 13
Symptoms: lump in the breast is most common sign
How is it passed down: Mostly find out they are carrier of BRCA gene after they have children
Is this person able to procreate: yes
BRCA1:
- Increases chance of breast cancer 55-56%
- Autosomal Dominant
- Happens by the age of 70
- Mutation on chromosome 17
- Shorter life span
- Less curable
- More likely to developed
ovarian cancer
- Found at later stage
BRCA2:
- Increases chance of Breast cancer by 45%
- Autosomal dominant
- Happens by the age of 70
- Mutation on chromosome 13
- Longer life span
- More likely to be cured
- Can still lead to other cancers but it is less likely
- Less severe
- Found at earlier stages
Treatment
Step 1: Get tested for BRCA gene if...
- More than three people in your family have had breast,
ovarian, fallopian tube, or peritoneal cancer
- 5-10 years before the age of the that relatives developed
breast cancer
- Before you reproduce
- You are of Jewish background
- Male breast cancer
Stage 2: Find the right treatment
- If you have the BRCA gene...
• Mastectomy
• Therapy medicines
- Chemotherapy
- Radiation
- Surgery
Who has the BRCA Gene?
Angelina Jolie has gotten a double mastectomy and removal of ovaries
Kelly osbourne has had a double mastectomy and removal of her ovaries and fallopian tubes.
About BRCA
How it is passed down
- Autosomal dominant
- x- linked
- suggested to get tested for the gene before having children
- All 46 chromosomes are present
- Some treatment includes removing your ovaries to prevent ovarian cancer, which means you are now infertile
Symptoms
- Lumps in the breast
- Lump does not go away
- Muscle Weakness
- Skin change
- Bone pain
- Weight loss
- Headache
- Shortness of breath
Gender affected
- 99% affecting females
- 1/29 women die from breast cancer
- 1% affecting males
- 60 men die from breast cancer per year
- Men can still develope cancer from the BRCA gene
- In men it raises other types of cancers
- The Jewish community has higher risk of the BRCA gene