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Sports Observation

Female Athletes: Youth vs High School

By: Juliana Fincher, Brian Graves, Allie Griswold, Brooke Garman, Kyleigh Hamilton, Kadesha Henry, Thomas Herchenrider, Joseph Kinee

Athletic Identity

  • The notion that the sport defines an individual.

  • Article:"The Relation Between Sport Orientations and Athletic Identity Among Adolescent Girl and Boy Athletes"
  • http://search.proquest.com/openview/675b352eca0d0c09d0d44d9182d7f89a/1?pq-origsite=gscholar

Athletic Identity in Youth Sports

Athletic Identity in High School Sports

Athletic Identity is the difference between "I like to run" and "I am a runner".

Examples:

  • Swimmers dressed in clothing, swimsuits, and caps with team logo
  • Swimmers only socializing and cheering with other swimmers on their team
  • Field hockey players wear kilts and jersey's, and warm up attire with team logo
  • Field hockey team purchased similiar sticks and wore the same headbands.

Examples:

- Identifying with their particular sports team

- promotes confidence and a sense of belonging

- athlete may go to extremes to keep his or her athletic identity

Introduction- Youth

Media clip

Abuse of Power

Field Hockey:

Warwick Girls Middle

School

Youth Volleyball: Stetson Middle School

Youth vs High School Female Sociological Sports Norms

http://on.today.com/1Er52cf

Culture of Risk

Abuse of power in sport can be defined as coaches and staff taking advantage of their role as a superior against an athlete.

Article: "Incompatibility in the Coach-Athlete Relationship" written by Sophia Jowett and Ian Cockerill

  • Process in which athletes learn that accepting physical risks are a part of sport.

  • Youth violated, whereas high school conformed

  • Article: "Sports-Related Concussions in Youth: Improving the Science & Changing the Culture"

Field Hockey: Stetson vs Fugett Middle school

  • Abuse of Power
  • Culture of Risk
  • Athletic Identity

The media can positively influence youth and high school athletes by bringing awareness and educating them on possible injuries and rules of the sport. The media is a good way of easily getting knowledge out on a topic and have it seen by people worldwide.

Culture of Risk in Youth Sports

Examples:

  • Middle school field hockey players were goofing off and complaining often
  • Did not take their sport seriously
  • If injured, they would not continue to play

Culture of Risk in High School Sports

  • High school athletes took the risk of playing injured

Examples:

  • Some swimmers prepared very seriously/ had the same routine before each race
  • Swimmers holding their shoulder in discomfort or icing on the bench in between races but still wanting to swim
  • Volleyball player getting hit in the face with the ball and denying her coaches request to take her out of the game
  • Senior Field Hockey player sprained her ankle, but was forced to play hurt because of her parents screaming on the sideline that she was fine.
  • Junior Field Hockey player got hit in the shin repeatedly during second half with opponents stick, but was forced to play by coach.

Youth Female Soccer: Haverford Middle School

Abuse of Power in Youth Sports

  • Common in youth sports
  • Favoritism/Coaches take advantage
  • Example: Middle school field hockey player complaining to mother about how her coach was favoring other players over her

Abuse of Power in High School Sports

  • "Winning has become so important to us as a culture"
  • "Some coaches lose track of what their real mission is with their athletes"
  • Some coaches feel they are helping players
  • Older girls may feel they have power over the younger girls on the team

Article: “Coaching ABUSE: The dirty, not-so-little secret in sports”

https://www.competitivedge.com/“coaching-abuse-dirty-not-so-little-secret-sports”

Examples:

  • Volleyball coach yelling at players after taking them out
  • Senior field hockey players felt they needed to "start" over the lower classmen.

Sources:

Introduction - High School

Jowett, S., & Cockerill, I. (2002). Incompatibility in the Coach-Athlete Relationship. In Solutions in Sport Psychology (pp. 16-31). London: Thomas Learning.

Erdtmann, F. (2015). Sports-related concussions in youth: Improving the science, changing the culture. Military Medicine, 180(2), 123-125. doi:10.7205/MILMED-D-14-00516

Daniels, E., Sincharoen, S., & Leaper, C. (2005). The relation between sport orientations and athletic identity among adolescent girl and boy athletes. Journal of Sport Behavior, 28(4), 315.

Goldberg, A. (2007, August 31). "Coaching ABUSE: The dirty, not-so-little secret in sports"

Westtown Aquatics Club swim meet

Women's Soccer

Field Hockey: Upper Darby HS vs. Marple Newtown

Women's Volleyball:

Neumann-Goretti HS

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