Trans-fats vs. Cis-fats

FATS

Trans-fat

What is a trans-fat

Natural Trans-fat

-produced in the gut of some animals and foods made from these animals; very small amount

Consequences of Artificial trans- fat

Artificial trans- fat

The common name for an unsaturated fat with

"trans"- isomer fatty acids. They are created by adding hydrogen to vegetable oil and become

solid at room temperature (straight chain)

Trans fats raise low-density lipoprotein (LDL) or "bad" cholesterol levels. This contributes to the buildup of fatty plaque in arteries.

Lowers HDL - HDL is good cholesterol, because it helps remove LDL by carrying it to the liver where it is broken down.

Where is it found

Cis-fats

o Monounsaturated Fats (one double bond) – increase HDL, decreases LDL cholesterol and triglycerides

 Almonds

 Avocados

 Bacon

 Canola oil

 cashews

o Polyunsaturated fats (multiple double bonds) – decrease LDL and HDL cholesterol and triglycerides

 Sunflower Oil

 Corn Oil

 Flax seeds

 Soybeans

 Trout/tuna

What foods are trans-fats found in

Negatives of High Cholesterol

What is a Cis Fat?

-french fries

-anything fried or battered

- pie and pie crust

- margarine

-shortening

-frosting

-pancakes and waffles

-ice cream

- cookies

- ground beef

-non- dairy creamers

• Unsaturated fat with a cis bond

• Carbon chain extends from the same side of the double bond; bent molecule

• LDL

• Leads to atherosclerosis

o Plaque buildup in the arteries

o LDL cholesterol holds together calcium and fat buildups in the arteries

o Causes hardening of the artery walls, and narrowed passage by which blood can flow through

o The narrowed passage catches blood cells, which makes the blockage bigger

o Can lead to AMI, CVA, DVT, PE

Benefits of Cis Fats

-Decrease risk of heart disease

-improves blood cholesterol and lowers blood pressure

-reduce risk of...

-heart attack

-abnormal heart rhythms

-strokes

-death in people with heart disease

-Mono saturated cis- fats

-benefit insulin levels

-control blood sugar level in type 2 diabetes

-Polyunsaturated Fats

-Lowers LDL levels

-Provides nutrients and essential fats to cells in body

Links

Saturated Fats

Where are Saturated Fats Found

What is a Saturated Fat?

-Hydrogenated Oils

-Coconut (Desiccated)

-Butter

-Animal Fats

-Chocolate

-Cheese

-Cream

-Nuts

-Processed Meat

-

A saturated fat is simply a fat molecule that has no double bonds between carbon molecules because they are saturated with hydrogen molecules. Saturated fats are typically solid at room temperature.

http://www.news-medical.net/health/What-is-Trans-Fat.aspx

http://www.webmd.com/diet/features/trans-fats-science-and-risks

http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/GettingHealthy/NutritionCenter/HealthyEating/Saturated-Fats_UCM_301110_Article.jsp

http://authoritynutrition.com/top-8-reasons-not-to-fear-saturated-fats/

Negatives of Saturated Fats

Benefits of Saturated Fats

-higher risk of developing breast, colon, and prostate cancer

-obesity

-heart problems

-saturated fats increase the size of LDL cholesterol

-large LDL - not associated with an elevated risk of heart disease

- saturated fats raise HDL (good) cholesterol

-improve liver health

- May lower the risk of stroke

- Most foods with saturated fats are nutritious

-healthy lungs

-healthy brain

-bone strength

-improves immune system