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Beauvoir argues that Marxist analysis alone cannot give an adequate account of the situation of women. Why?

Based on this essay, do you think Bartky would agree with Beauvoir on this point?

Context:

"First wave" feminism: Centred on 'public sphere' issues such as suffrage and property rights.

"Second wave" feminism: "The personal is political."

Psychological oppression: What is it?

Marxist analysis

Being "weighed down in your mind"

Experiencing "harsh dominion exercised over your self-esteem"

Even though it manifests on a personal level, Bartky says it is still

"institutionalised and systematic"

False consciousness

Labour

Alienation

Psychological Oppression

Bartky

"Psychological Oppression"

written 1980 (??)

Based on 'psychic alientation' as described by Frantz Fanon in Black Skin, White Masks

Bartky argues women are subject to psychological oppression

What does this mean?

Manifestations

(1) stereotyping

(2) cultural domination

(3) sexual objectification

Psychological Oppression: How it functions

Sexual Objectification

Stereotyping

Examples?

Result?

What does it mean?

Examples?

How does sexual objectification result in psychological oppression?

Sartre: "the look of the Other"

"By the mere appearance of the Other, I am put in the position of passing judgement on myself as on an object, for it is as an object that I appear to the other." (Being and Nothingness)

Cultural domination

(1) fragmentation

  • 'double bind'
  • divided sense of self

(2) mystification

  • Negative patterns of experience seem entirely due to individual personality, not systematic or institutional factors
  • Oppressed doesn't even know there is any oppression going on

"the culture of our men is still our culture"

Result: Subjugation of women appears natural, and so unalterable

Objection: But isn't it sometimes good to be an object?

Bartky's response?

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