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Certainly, the arc of these publications

pulls 'women' into/towards 'militarization'.

The implications of this direction/directing

raise a very wide range of questions/problems

Lacan

'points de capiton'

interlinked network

Laclau

or fragments

MMA UFC Action Hero Spy Fantasy Reality

Adventure Time (2007)

Kung Fu Panda (2008)

By 1973, 'kung fu' captures the fantasy of ultimate fighting

from 2012, the mainstreaming of martial arts as acceptable and well-known combat sports is fully achieved in the UK

The new millennium saw a kind of ironic postmodern re-orientalisation

1970-1980

2000-2011

and while there are

paradigm shifts in self-

defence thinking, in

many ways it is 'business

as usual'

2012-2018

1993-2000

1980-1993

WWII-1960s

Mind, Body and Kick Ass Moves (2004)

Samurai Jack (2001)

Daily Mail, 'What a blow to the karate myth’

Kung Fu Kapers (1975)

1992

three major events in 1993: UFC1, Power Rangers & Wu Tang Clan

Asian martial arts become both normalised and hyper-mythologised through the 1980s

Enter the W-Tang (36 Chambers) (1993)

How to Punch, 2013

Shogun (1980)

Brucesploitation (1975-78)

Bruce Lee films (1971-3)

UFC1 (1993)

StageFight (2004)

Weapons of Fitness, 2015

Netflix Originals (2012-)

Shaolin Temple (1982)

Fumio Demura's Karate

Weapons of Self-Defense,

2016

Eric Lustbader Ninja Novels (1980-)

The Matrix (1999)

Tao of Self-Defense, 2000

The Ultimate Fighter (2005)

The Bourne Identity (2002)

Crouching Tiger,

Hidden Dragon (2000)

in the beginning was...

Ronda Rousey (2012)

Nicola Adams (2012)

Jade Jones (2012)

Self-Defense for Women, 2009

Kill Bill 1 (2003)

Increasingly, the books focus on

Last Man Standing (2007)

Dynamic Kicks (1975)

Billy Jack (1971)

Power Rangers (1993-)

Tekken 3 (1997)

The Rational Woman's Guide,

1979

Knights of Cydonia (Muse, 2006)

The Octagon (1980)

Self-Defense for Peaceable People, 2006

Batman Begins (2005)

From 1890s onwards,

publications proliferate

and can be put into periods

The Way of the Warrior:

The Paradox of the Martial Arts

(1983)

Fight Girls (2007)

Three Fights, Two Weddings and a Funeral (1994)

Kicking Techniques, 1979

WWI-WWII

YouTube (2005)

Things I teach to every

woman I know, 2009

Fight Club (1999)

Self-Defense for

Gentlemen & Ladies,

2015

Kung Fu (1972-5)

Shogun (novel) 1975

1890s-WWI

Human Weapon (2007)

Johnny Bravo (1997)

The Grandmaster

Defend Yourself in 3 Seconds or less,

2013

Self-Defence for Women, 2005

Rush Hour (1997)

(2013)

Prank Patrol (2007-12)

Kendo Nagasaki (1975-77)

The Brand New Monty Python Bok (1973)

vs. Mayweather (2017)

Conor McGregor (2015)

vs bus (2018)

vs. Khabib (2018)

Say You'll Be There

Spice Girls (1996)

The Castle Law

Wong Kar-wai

Legend of the Dragon (2005)

Fight Quest (2007)

Chop Socky Chooks (2008)

War...

Ip Man films

The Karate Kid (1984)

Quincy, M.E. (1977)

Who Am I? (1997)

The Man With the Golden Gun (1974)

SAS Self-Defense Handbook, 2000

post-war sees the

mediatization and

spectacularization

of fighting

During and

after WWII,

women

become a

key focus of

self-defence

books

Her Own Hero, 2017

Nouveau-Bartitsu, part 1, 2018

Self-Defense: Steps to Success, 1991

101 Weapons for Women, 1991

Kung Fu Fighting (1974)

trench warfare exacted a heavy toll on all things 'gentlemanly'

And women are told

to 'look forward' to

being attacked...!

Angry White Pyjamas (1997)

Buffy the Vampire Slayer (1997)

Star Wars (1977)

American Ninja (1985)

Batman (1939)

The early 20th century sees the UK's first 'jitsu'

Krav Maga: Real World Solutions

to real world violence, 2015

Marvel

Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (1987)

'baritsu'

Dealing with Close Quarter

Violence (DVD, 2010)

The 36th Chamber of Shaolin (1978)

Your Answer to Invasion:

Ju-Jitsu, 1941

Self-Defense for Women, 2000

cool slick spy masculine feminine gentleman

How to Defend Yourself, 2013

Hong Kong Phooey (1974)

Britain

Bartitsu preceded jujutsu in the UK

Common Sense Self-Defense

A Woman's Self-Defense Survival Guide,

2010

Combato, 1943

Fairbairn

VHS & Betamax (1978)

in publications: Militarization + Women =

"a man's house is his castle

et domus sua cuique est tutissimum refugium

[and each man's home is his safest refuge]"

The Noble English Art of

Self-Defence, 2017 (much older)

Kung Fu Monthly (1974)

No Retreat, No Surrender (1986)

Sherlock Holmes School of Self-Defence,

2011

Defendu (1926)

Sykes

Modern Warrior Handbook, 2012

Black Belt Jones (1974)

Shogun (TV) 1980

The Perfect Defence, 2011

Krav Maga for Women, 2012

DC Comics

Self-Defence: Be the Best at Self-Defence

2012

Kick and Run: Self-Defense

For Women, 1978

Steven Seagal (1987-)

Krav Maga for Beginners, 2009

Bloodsport (1988)

First World War

Kung Fu for Girls: Self-Defence for Divas, 2003

Scientific Self-Defence (1931)

Self-Defence (SAS Active Library)

2001

Self-Defence and Protection Awareness

for Women, 2005

bartitsu (1898-1902)

The Amateur Gentleman (1913)

Boxing, 2018 [1893]

SAS Self-Defence, 1999

self-defence becomes the property of Asian martial arts

SAS Self-Defence, 2004

Personal Safety & Self-Defence, 2015

(Brexit)

Defense Manual of

Jiu-Jitsu, 1943

1903

Arthur Conan Doyle

All-In Fighting (1942)

Get Tough!, 1942

Green Lantern (1940)

How to Defend Yourself, 1992

1604/1628

Scientific Boxing and

Self-Defence, 2017

(1908)

Switched On: Self-Protection/Self-Defence,

1991

Self-Defence Advice, 2018

Be Safe: Self-Defense for Women

in the Real World, 2011

Self-Defense Made Simple, 2014

Drills for Self-Defense, 2014

Fit to Fight, 2014

Shooting to Live (1942)

Stand Your Ground: Self-Defence for Women,

1994

Self-Defense Tips Everyone Should Know,

2013

Wonder Woman (1941)

war comics

Bartitsu & Jujutsu were

practised by Suffragettes

Simple Self-Defense,

2010

Rapid Action Initiated Defence, 2013

Chinese Grappling Self-Defense,

1984

Masculinity, Crime and Self-Defence

in Victorian Literature, 2011

Advanced Three-Sectional Staff:

Kung Fu Weapon of Self-Defense

1985

Self-Defense and Self-Assertiveness

for Women and Girls, 2018

Hands Off! for the women of today

1983

Stick Fighting Self-Defense,

1981

Self-Protection Guidebook

for Women and Men, 1981

la canne

...and women

Self-Defence for Women and Children,

2007

Fight Like a Girl... And Win, 2007

Catwoman (1940)

scholars such as Light (2017) trace the cultural and legal discourse of 'self-defence' back to this case and this law

Self Defence for Women and Girls (1942)

Self-Defense, Steps to Survival, 2007

Structures of the books:

Weapons of trench warfare

501 Unarmed Self-Defence

Skills, 2017

Patterns

Hapkido: Korean Art

of Self-Defense, 1974

Bo: Karate Weapon of Self-Defense

1976

Tae Kwon Do: Korean Art

of Self-Defense, 1975

A Straightforward Guide to Self-Defence,

1998

suffrajitsu

Pa-Kua for Fitness and Self-Defense, 2007

1. Rationale

ideology

praxeology

Be Aware: for Women,

1994

Self-Defense for Women,

1997

Bruce Lee's Fighting Method:

Self-Defense Techniques, 1977

Looking Forward to Being Attacked,

1977

Krav Maga: Effective

Techniques for Self-

Defense, 2019

Constellations

la savate

2. Techniques

Hands Off!: Self-Defense for Women (1942)

Streetwise, 1996

embodiments

physicalities

history of embodiment

in self-defence books, krav maga appears

Complete Krav Maga, 2016

No! No! No! 1993

Self-Defense for Women, 2016

recent revival of interest

SAS and Special Forces Self-

Defence Handbook, 2016

Conclusions

3. Conclusions (reiterations)

ideology

praxeology

Doctor Mid-Nite (1941)

Bad Day at Black Rock (1955)

The Bartitsu Society (2002)

Krav Maga Defence, 2016

A Woman's Guide to Self-Defense, 1993

Women in the Martial Arts, 1993

Advanced Krav Maga, 2008

Advanced Tonfa: Japanese

Weapon of Self-Defense, 1987

Sai: Karate Weapon of Self-Defense

1984

Chin-na Self-Defense, 1981

Aikido: Japanese Art of

Self-Defense, 1983

Self-Defence for Women,

1982

Life Insurance: Basic Guide

For Women's Safety and

Self-Defense, 2017

publications proliferate

Martial Arts and Self-Defence

For Everyone, 2018

Self-Defense for Women,

2017 [1911]

& Other

Fight Back: A Woman's Guide to

Self-Defense that Works, 2011

gutter fighting

Martial Arts and Self-Defense

DVD 2010

How to Use Jiu Jitsu, 1944

Angelo, 1817

significant changes in approach to self-defence are registered between 1889-1900

By 1916, self-defence was becoming more warlike

Hands Off! Self-Defense

For Women, 1942

Jujutsu techniques were widely

termed 'tricks' by authors of 1900s

Questions

From Russia With Love (1957)

Price, 1867

British self-defence books variously register the war and coloniality

Martha McCaughey (1997)

Self-Defence as

'Physical Feminism'

Scientific Self-Defence, 1931

Seven Samurai (1954)

The imagined subject:

All such books propose

Defendu, 1926

Many connect training with improved physicality

1817

Others explicitly connect

one or another

There are also hagiographies, where manuals are combined with biographies

The Gentleman

The Rational Woman

the promotion of

However, in 1714,

we see this:

The Inn-Play, or Cornish-Hugg Wrestler Digested in a Method which Teacheth to Break All Holds, and Throw Most Falls Mathematically; Easy to be understood by all Gentlemen, & c. being an excellent Acquisition to the Science of Self-Defence, and of Great Utility to such who understand the Small-Sword in Fencing, 1714

(These are repackaged and republished today - for the same reasons)

health

Everybody Was Kung Fu Writing

others connect pugilism

with honour

[Progymnasmata]

with

or self-defence was argued for, as a 'right' [for 'gentlemen']

Theory of the Subject in/and a Social Context

[contra the 'southern European'

criminal penchant for knives]

Others attempt 'science'...

nationalism

Sir Thomas Parkyns

The age of self-defence books

1840

The Science of Self Defence. A Treatise on Sparring and Wrestling including complete instructions in training and physical development, also several remarks upon, and a course prescribed for the reduction of corpulency,

[Edmund Price, 1867]

Protect Yourself, 1944

some are mainly rambling

series of anecdotes

early books on the subject use the idea of 'self-defence' in an allegorical way

Price has different chapters on different limbs and the head and body.

Paul Bowman

Walking-Stick Method, 1923

with a strong

connection between

body, character

and diet

1997

The imagined social context:

1824

There is no overarching sense of the body as one unit. The arms punch and the feet move, the head should be positioned 'carefully', the body should not be 'irksome'!

Cardiff University

Self-Defense for the Individual,

1919

embryonic research project - early stages - funded by CUROP

Right cross: ‘At a cross-counter or in fibbing, the right hand is the more destructive of the two; this arises from the greater precision and strength which that hand, arm and shoulder generally possess’. [43]

Who is this theorised/idealised subject?

e.g.

A treatise on the utility and advantages of fencing: giving the opinions of the most eminent authors and medical practitioners on the important advantages derived from the knowledge of the art, as means of Self-Defence, and a promotor of health, illustrated by forty-seven engravings. To which is added a dissertation on the use of the broad sword

[Henry Angelo,1817]

A vindication of the true art of Self-Defence, with a proposal to the honourable members of parliament, for erecting a court of honour in Great Britain. Recommended to all gentlemen, but particularly to the soldiery. To which is added a short, but very useful memorial for sword men, 1714

‘No book on training that has yet appeared attempts to give a physiological account of respiration’. [104]

Urban/isolated - alienated

Insecure - lonely, crowded

Multi-class, multi-ethnic -

unhealthy - 'feminising'

This 16-page booklet compares the individual needing to kill an attacker to the situation of a ruler who seeks to attack the body politic of a society.

It places Self-Defence in relation to sovereignty, survival and law – enduring terms!

[NB: King James II was deposed in the ‘Glorious Revolution’ of 1688]

How is the social context imagined?

The Expert Swordsman's Companion: or the True Art of Self-Defence with an Account of the Authors life and his transactions during the Wars with France. To which is annexed the art of gunnerie, 1728

Practical Unarmed Combat,

1942

Every Gentleman's Manual. A lecture on the art of Self-Defence

[Peirce Egan, 1845]

Lots of discussion of diet and exercise. Great consistency in drinking ale or sherry early in the day and beer during training.

An Argument for Self-Defence; Written about the Year 1687, Never before Published, and Now Offer’d to the Consideration of the Gentlemen of the Middle-Temple, 1687

Practical Self-Defence, 1918

Boxiana; Or, Sketches of Ancient and Modern Pugilism [Peirce Egan,1824]

The Hand-book to Boxing Being a Complete Instructor in the Art of Self-Defence

[Owen Swift, 1840]

Sir William Bart Hope

Tricks of Self-Defence,

1910

Out-Think Your Opponent,

1918

Jujitsu Self-Defence,

1916

NB: this is perhaps the least manual-like 'manual' ever written!

Jiujitsu,

Longhurst,

1906

Jujutsu,

Emily Watts

1906

Jiu Jitsu,

1916

Self-Defence,

1904

Broadstick &

Singlestick, 1889

Combato/Women, 1944

Your Hands - Secret Weapons, 1946

Your Book of Self-Defence,

1968

Honor Blackman's...

1967

Honor Blackman's...,

1966

Self-Defense and

Physical Fitness, 1965

BUT...

Judo and Self-Defence

for Woman and Girls,

1968

Handbook of Self-Defense,

1955

'Therefore', self-defence = physical agency

Honor Blackman:

Cathy Gale in 'The Avengers' [1962–64], Bond girl Pussy Galore in 'Goldfinger' [1964]

here we see a mediatized physical feminism

Caroline Light (2017)

The 'DIY security citizen' as

white, middle-class, & [normally] male

2017

1961-1970

Afterword / Coda / Question

The Saint (1962-9)

The Avengers (1961-9)

In the internet era,

The 1960s see the real birth pangs of the

Western fascination with Asian martial arts

2007

is the age of self-defence books over?

Black Belt magazine (1961/1958)

2006

1.

Karate and Oriental Arts (1966)

2.

2008

2003

The Born Losers (1967)

Hai Karate (1967-)

A Shot in the Dark (1964)

books vs film?

2018

2010

3.

who should write?

Roustabout (1964)

why write?

2015

taiji is often conflated with yoga etc.

2011

The Green Hornet (1966-7)

Action Karate magazine (1968)

2015-

2013

Hegemonic structures still tell us that:

2012

2017

and not just literary books either:

Judo Magazine (1956)

2010

2013

Qi Magazine (1991)

in self-defence circles, this is even though we know

that writing is merely a supplement:

Angelo, 1817

Xiaolin Showdown (2004)

we still write because we are still required to

write ourselves into existence

Taiji is always a 'positive' story

and the texts will always tell us about a lot more and a lot less than 'self-defence'

1st story in Daily Mail

is debunking 'myth'

stories about celebrity-inspired fads

Regular stories

about aikido...

kids' stuff

ninja->shaolin->jedi->spiritual->mystical->magical ->kids-stuff...

discursive constellation of 'martial arts'

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