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-Were strongly fascinated for the uncommonly eccentric, supernatural,and magical.
-humans were innately good; some believed they needed to reveal bad ideals in order to confront society's evil.
-they found happiness by helping society's issues.
The romance quest narratives of the medieval era (tales by King Arthur) influenced the writers of the Gothic era.
-religion is Gothic Christianity and it refers to Christian beliefs as well as Gepids, Vandals, and Burgundians
-art emphasized an extreme version of Romanticism; terror was used as the only form of emotion
-the writers and artists were expressing their inner dark side through their art works or writings
The Gothic era was a time for upheaval and change. The people were against social order and rationality. It focuses on terror, sexuality, the supernatural, and sublime.
Create a venn diagram with a partner. Compare and contrast information on the Age of Enlightenment and the Transcendental/ Romantic era. Use your background knowledge and the handout provided. Must have at least 6-8 points each.
- Poems were a very popular form of expression
- Unlike before, expressing emotion (endearment, despair, passion, etc.) was encouraged
- Ex: "I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud" by William Wordsworth -explained Wordsworth and his sister exploring a field of daffodils
Values and Beliefs
-Major ideas were that society and social organizations like religion, political parties and government unprincipled the purity of people.
-Transcendalist believed in God not science, however they believed society made God into a controlling religion instead of an actual connection.
The major idea of this time period is that reason cannot explain everything, being yourself is important, and powerful EMOTIONS.
Ralph Waldo Emerson:Nature book published in 1836
-As for nature and human connection, they had a belief that each person should have a clear understanding of the universe and nature.
They also celebrated and appreciated nature more due to all the industrialization going on.
-Gothic literature was created to indirectly confront social issues
-Ambigious & Supernatural elements
-Ex: Frankenstein by Mary Shelley -fought against the influence of scientific discoveries
Henry David Thoreau: Walden, Walking,The Portable Thoreau, etc.
Global American
Margaret Fuller, Amos Bronson Alcott, Frederic Henry Hedge, and Theodore Parker are some more authors.
-humans were good because they believed that inner self and individualism was very important.
-found happiness through their emotions and natural beauty.
-nature is good but civilization was bad (society).
-a person found happiness through their moral compass.
def:popular form of writing; characterized by twisted characters, eerie situations,and disturbing events
what it was: The romantic era in which art and literature were affected the most; many people expressed their emotions through poems. The movement was intellectual, not political.
definition:a philosophy that emphasizes intuitive thinking and the principles of reality
Folk art influenced writers by emphasizing the importance of feelings,imagination, and self-expression.
-religion was influenced by French Revolution
-art emphasized emotions, self-expressions, and nature
- political views were influenced by the French Revolution (politics might not be decided by general populace)
Romanticism was reflected through literature and ideas by expressing ones emotions and individuality. It focuses on a romantic ego, visionary imagination (nightmarish), nature (insight to man's life), and society not being normative but part of the meaningless word.
Nathaniel Hawthorne
Historical Context
Edgar Allan Poe
Mary Shelley
Bram Stoker
Write about a time when you committed an action and in doing so, did not conform to societal, familial, or social expectations. Must be at least 2 paragraphs.
German writings and theories of Immanuel Kant influenced writers of the transcendental era.
-religion was believed to reside in an individual and the mediation of a church
-philosophy: knowledge could be arrived at,not through the senses, but through intuition and contemplation of internal spirit
-political views were based on their system on gentry which was a two-party system (high class society)
Transcendentalism was influenced by the idea that spirituality and intellectualism should be protested against because its main focus was nature and people.
WHEN FINISHED,grab your textbooks and turn to pg. 235-246. Begin reading The Minister's Black Veil. Your homework is to finish reading and to thoroughly answer questions 2, 3, and 4 on 'Analyzing the Text.'
-It was popular to write books expressing their inner exploration or the exploration of societal ideals
- Ex: Walden by Henry David Thoreau -modeled Transcendentalism ideals (spiritual discovery/ independence/ exploration of societal structures)
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