Introducing 

Prezi AI.

Your new presentation assistant.

Refine, enhance, and tailor your content, source relevant images, and edit visuals quicker than ever before.

Loading…
Transcript

"Tower look!, There´s an aircraft crushing"

American Airlines Flight 587

American Airlines Flight 587

MEAM 11

Risk Management

Aviation Operations

Dante Campos

Introduction

Summary of the accident

Causes

Vertical Stabilizer

Aftermath

Aftermath

Since the NTSB's report, American Airlines has modified its pilot training program.

Before the flight 587 accident, pilots were not being trained on what effect rudder pedal inputs have on the Airbus A300 at high airspeed.

The vertical stabilizer's structural performance was consistent with design specifications.

If the first officer had stopped making these inputs at any time before the vertical stabilizer separation, the natural stability of the airplane would have returned the sideslip angle to near 0°

American Airlines: it was mostly Airbus' fault.

Sensitive rudder controls.

Most aircraft require increased pressure on the rudder pedals to achieve the same amount of rudder control at a higher speed.

Which Airbus should have communicated to the airline

INTRODUCTION

Summary of the Accident

Aircraft: Airbus A300, delivered in 1988 , 267 seating configuration.

Flight crew members: Captain Ed States (42) and FO Sten Molin (34) who was the pilot flying.

Cabin crew members: 7

Passengers: 251

Summary of the Accident

Airbus: it was mostly American’s fault.

Pilots not trained properly about the characteristics of the rudder.

Aircraft tail fins are designed to withstand full rudder deflection in one direction, but this does not guarantee that they can withstand an abrupt shift in rudder from one direction to the other.

- American Airlines Flight 587 JFK - SDQ

- 12 November 2001, Airbus A300 crashed into the Belle Harbor neighborhood of Queens, NY.

- All 260 people on board were killed, along with five people on the ground.

- It took place 2 Month and 1 Day after the September 11 attack.

-The cause: Tail structure failure due to co-pilot error.

9:15:00

A300 was at 1,300 feet climbing to 5,000 feet.

9:15:36

9:00:00

It taxied to RWY 31L, behind a JAL B-747.

Aircraft hit wake turbulence from the JAL flight just in front of them

B-747 was cleared for takeoff.

9:11:00

The stabilizer separated from the aircraft and fell into Jamaica Bay.

The plane pitched downwards, heading straight to Belle Harbor.

The plane went it to a flat spin, losing both engines seconds before the impact.

The fuselage slammed into the neighborhood destroying 3 houses, and killing 5 persons on the ground.

9:13:28

Cause

A300 was cleared for takeoff. Tower warned A300´s pilots about potential wake turbulence from the 747.

FO attempted to stabilize the a/c with alternating aggressive rudder inputs from left to right.

Vertical Stabilizer Attachment

9:14:29

A300 left the runway, about 1 min and 40 sec after the JAL flight.

Terrorist Claim

9:15:56

Lugs that attached the vertical stabilizer and rudder failed

The vertical stabilizer is connected to the fuselage with six attaching points.

Rumors suggesting that it had been destroyed in a terrorist plot, with a shoe bomb.

Causes

Each point has two sets of attachment lugs, one made of composite material, another of aluminum, all connected by a titanium bolt.

National Transportation Safety Board

The aggressive use of the rudder controls by the co-pilot caused the vertical stabilizer to snap off the plane.

1.- The first officer's predisposition to overreact to wake turbulence.

2.- The training provided by AA that could have encouraged pilots to make large flight control inputs.

3.- The first officer likely did not understand an airplane's response to large rudder inputs at high airspeed

4.- Light rudder pedal forces and small pedal displacement of the A300-600.

WHY?

NTSB concluded that the material had failed because it had been stressed beyond its design limit.

When the vertical stabilizer separation began, the aerodynamic loads were about two times the loads defined by the design envelope.

"if the first officer had stopped making additional inputs, the aircraft would have stabilized"

NTSB

Chain of Critical events.....

Potential wake turbulence

Wake vortex separation: ICAO, FAA

9 Incidents involving wake turbulence

Pilot Training

American Airlines' Advanced Aircraft Maneuvering Program tended to exaggerate the effects of wake turbulence on large aircraft.

Design Flaw

10 incidents in which A300 tail fins had been stressed beyond their design limitation.

D.C: Washington National Academy Press.

Questions and Comments

References.

http://www.ntsb.gov/investigations/summary/aar0404.html

https://www.metabunk.org/data/MetaMirrorCache/a1bb4fcc48fcf35f7e86392320ff1ab9.jpg

http://ww4.hdnux.com/photos/10/40/30/2229791/5/628x471.jpg

http://www.civilaviation.eu/Airbus/A300-600.htm

http://www.veteranstoday.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/engine_300.gif

http://www.cbsnews.com/htdocs/plane_crashes/aa_587/images/map_jfk_airport.gif

http://vivirlatino.com/i/nov05/20458000.jpg

Learn more about creating dynamic, engaging presentations with Prezi