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The Jamaican flag has three colours: black, green, and yellow. The yellow symbolizes the natural resources and the sun, green, is a representation of the land, and black is for the hardships and adversary the people of the nation have overcome.

Jamaican role models

Marcus Garvey (1887-1940) was founder of the Rastafarian Movement. He was considered as a second John the Baptist and a hero.

He made up this movement on November 2, 1930. To this day, the religion/movement lives on in Jamaica and London, England.

Kardinal Offishal is a Jamaican Canadian rap artist born in Ontario. He is a man proud of his Canadian heritage as well as Jamaican. He combines reggae/dance-hall with the form of Hip-Hop.

Another big Jamaican figure is Bob Marley.

He was a Jamaican singer, song writer and musician. Bob Marley was regarded as a reggae ambassador in 1976 and also had strong Rastafarian beliefs; which is a religion in Jamaica.

Usian Bolt is known as the fastest man alive. Born and raised in Jamaica, he has done many other sports, and before, wasn't interested in Track and Field. His talent has inspired many people to be just like him.

Festivals Celebrating Jamaican Nationalism in Canada

On August of 1984, a non-profit organization called Cariwest was formed. When it had first began it was a part of the Klondike Days Parade and a way for Caribbean immigrants in Edmonton to come together to celebrate and share their culture through celebration.

In 1970, Folklorama was held as a one time multicultural event to celebrate Manitoba's Centennial. It was so successful that it has became an annual celebration in Winnipeg. Jamaica participates in the Afro-Caribbean Pavilion displaying their nationalism through dance, music, language, food, art, and festival.

The Caribbean Carnival in Toronto, Canada is a three week cultural festival exploring the Caribbeans food, music and visual and performing arts. Celebrating its 45th year, it has become the largest cultural festival in North America and a major international event.

Food:

Caribbean cuisine is known for being spicy, fattening, and yet good. Some main food that they eat is

Ackee and Saltfish

Rice and Peas

Jerk Chicken

Curried Goat

Patties

Here in Edmonton, some places where you can get these types of foods are A Yah mi Day, Irie Food, Flava.

Patois is the official language of Jamaica. It is a mixture of english, with their own twang. Another word for this is "Broken English" or "Creole Language". Even though they are still speaking english, people do not understand them because they talk really fast.

Some words in Patois:

Rahtid-Wow, or surprised

Vexx- Mad, angered

Tek weh Ya Self- mind your own business

Pickanney- A black Child

Dutty- Dirty

Jah-God

Likke- little

PassaPassa-Gossip

Ya Nuh See- You see

Even their own Grammer is different. When you see it, you would think they just have bad spelling, but really, it's just the way it is. For example,

Me gwan go to de grocery, ya wan any ting? ( I am going to the Grocery store, you want anything?)

Dat eh mi book! Why ya just gan took it?! (That is my book, why did you take it?)

People all over Canada form different culture groups express their nationalism by the performing arts, literature, and celebration.

Nationalism can create publicity. Other cultures want their nation to be noticed/recognized for their uniqueness.

Expressions of nationalism can create a sense of nation by how people represent their culture. They show pride in their nation and share their heritage by the way they look, speak, and do things.

Jamaican Religion

Most of Jamaica's population is either Christian or follow the Rastafarian Movement. The founder of this Movement was Marcus Garvey. Their religion is a different from Roman Catholic or different types of religions.

They believe that God is a black man with dreads.

They call prefer their religion to be called more of a movement.

Instead of saying God, they say Jah.

Worship the dreadlocks, weed, and Jah

The reason why they smoked Ganja(weed) is because they think it will give them wisdom and be one with their inner self.

Dreadlocks is a very big symbol. They thought that Jesus was a man who wore dreadlocks and never cut it. As well, the hair represented/symbolized the Lion of Judah.

Not many Jamaicans in Canada, specifically Alberta, stay true to the movement, and find different religions to transfer to.

Jamaican's Nationalism

Jamaican Music

Music is a way to show your identity, for Jamaicans, it is a great way to express their culture. The different types of genre are Ska, Reggae, and Dancehall. In most cases, the men are normally rapping. They are speaking english but it is broken, hense broken english(Patois). In other cases, they are singing or screaming. The only thing they ever really sing about is Carnival time and what you do at that occasion. They are very good at making dances on the spot, or a dance that has spread across the nation. For example:

Pon De River

Running man

Willie Bounce

Dutty Wine

Bruk it Dung

Washing Machine

Bogo

Sassa Step

Badman Forward Badman Pull up

Dash a Fiya(Fire)

Nuh Linga

Teh Weh Ya self

Some famous stars of Jamaican Descent are Elephant Man, Vybz Kartel, Gyptian, Lady Saw, and Sean Paul. A Jamaican Canadian Artist is Kardinal Offishal.

The Jamaican Flag and Coat of Arms

Jamaica's coat of arms is a legacy from the British. It was adopted in 1962 and was the first colony to receive one. It is a symbol of the nations shared history of colonization.

To what extend do expressions of nationalism create a sense of nation?

Bibliography

http://www.jamaicans.com/jamaicansoverseas/toront/history-4.shtml

http://www.folklorama.ca/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=23&Itemid=23

http://cariwestfestival.com/

http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/89-621-x/89-621-x2007012-eng.htm

http://www.flags-flags-flags.org.uk/jamaican-flag.htm

http://www.torontocaribbeancarnival.com/pagedisplay.aspx?i=265&pmExp=1380

History Fact 1

Jamaica as everyone knows is an island located in the Caribbean. Many Jamaicans have immigrated to Canada for many reasons such as, family wise, getting a better education, and jobs. The first Jamaicans settled in Halifax on July 22, 1776. In the 1900's, John Robert Giscome, a gold prospector, James Barnswell, a carpenter and Robert Sutherland who graduated from Queens University and became the first black lawyer in Canada.

Language

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