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Upper house
Federal parliamentary democratic republic
Eurocentrism
Independence in 1947
Constitution from 1950
Comparison to Pakistan ?
Upper house
"Assembly of the people"
incl. Vice President
552 members
250 members
530 State
20 Union Territories
"How can we possibly make sense of all this Complexity?"
2 Anglo-indian community (nominated by the president)
(Tilly 2007: 52)
checks & balance
- formidable central power
- influental patronage network
- politics at the local and regional scale
(ibid: 57)
Mechanisms:
References:
Brass, Paul R. (1994): The New Cambridge History of India. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Jenkins, Rob (2008): India: Associatioal Life and its Discontents. In: Burnell, Peter; Rankner , Lisa: Randall, Vicky (ed.): Politics in the developing world, 2nd edition. Oxford Press, Oxford, 427-439.
Corruption
Reservation System (Unique)
Mawdsley, Emma (2010): India as a ´Post-Colonial Donor`. In: Burnell, Peter; Rankner , Lisa: Randall, Vicky (ed.): Politics in the developing world, 2nd edition. Oxford Press, Oxford, 477-487.
Indian Governement (03.05.2009): http://india.gov.in/my-government/constitution-india/amendments?page=6 [Acces: 25.1.2015]
Strong Parties
Caste System
Tilly, Charles (2007): Democracy. New York, Cambridge University Press, 51-58.
99 Amendments of the Constitution
Tudor, Maya (2013): The historical Inheritance of India´s Democracy. In: Kohli, Atul (Ed.) Routledge Handbook of Indian Politics. London/New York, Routledge, 23-38.
Images
Image 1:Sinha, Rohan:http://ideology2012.blogspot.co.uk/2012/05/political-system-of-india.html [Acces: 25.1.2015]
Image 2: Tilly, Charles (2007): Democracy. New York, Cambridge University Press, 55.
maintaining power
central power
top down
- Exceptional Leadership
- Elite self-interest
- Class origins
- Internal party
Dilemma
(Tudor 2013: 25)
Dilemma: [...] it is impossible in such a diverse country within the framework of federal parliamentary system to maintain a stable structure of power for long. [...] [E]ven with the best will in the world, it is impossible for the national leaders to focus their attentions on the goals of economic development and the fulfillment of the basic needs" (Brass 1994: 344)
shift away from economic development or the basic needs politics of the people.