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Unit IV Part B: World War II Begins

New Alliance

Hitler and Soviets

o Hitler gained a new ally in

Benito Mussolini

o Hitler supported Italy when

they invaded Ethiopia, and then both supported a side in the Spanish civil war.

o In 1936, they announced the

Rome-Berlin Axis, as well as Germany and Japan singing a pact to fight communism.

o Hitler, believing the West would not

fight him, turned his sights on the Soviets

o By August of 39 Hitler and Stalin sign

the Nazi-Soviet Nonaggression Pact

 To get this promise, Hitler promised

the soviets Eastern Poland.

 Although it mattered not, as Hitler

expected to fight the Soviets anyway, as he was used to breaking promises.

o On September 1st German forces

invaded Poland, two days later, France and Great Britain declared war on Germany.

Hitler Violates Treaty

Demands and Appeasement

o On March 9th 1935 Hitler announces the

creation of a new air force.

o A week later he began a military draft

that would expand the military from 100,000 to 550,000 troops

o Hitler, convinced the Western States

wouldn’t use force to enforce the treaty, sent troops into the Rhineland

 France, although authorized to use

force, would not act without British approval.

 Great Britain began the practice of

appeasement: satisfying reasonable demands of unsatisfied countries to maintain peace.

o Following an easy annexation of Austria, Hitler

set his sights on conquering Czechoslovakia.

o At a conference in Munich, Germany, England,

Italy, and France all agreed to allow Germany to take parts of northern Czech.

o Believing the West would do nothing to stop

him, Hitler began taking more and more land.

o By March of 1939 Hitler declared himself the

greatest German of all time, in reference for breaking promises every time he told western powers he wouldn’t take more land.

o When Germany demands the Poland port of

Danzig, England promises to protect Poland, and together with France they begin to work towards getting the USSR’s help to defeat Germany.

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