Chapter 12: Southern Europe

A. marine west climate in north & warm

Mediterranean climate of Italy

B. most agriculture in Southern Europe takes place

on coastal plains

C. coastal plains are prone to flooding

D. Portugal has large deposits of copper.

E. Northern Spain is rich in coal, tin, & tungsten

F. Italy & Spain have benefited from

hydroelectricity

III. History and Government

A.

B. Med. climate is known for its long, dry

summers & wet, mild winters.

C. Changes in the global climate have

made summers unpredictable.

D. Some summers turn into drought &

others produce unseasonable rains

(causes soil erosion).

E. Human Impact

1. overfishing

2. waste management from tourism

3. oil spills from cruise ships

J. membership in the EU generally good for

European countries

K. trade among its members is growing

L. easy migration is filling work shortages

M. living standards are increasing.

N. 21st century challenges

1. too much national debt

2. high unemployment

3. too much government spending

IX. Managing Resources

A. major environmental concern- algae blooms

1. can kill fish & humans who eat them

2. absorb dissolved oxygen

3. can participate in outdoor activities year

round

A. 2 major rivers on the Iberian are the Tagus & the

Ebro.

B. Tagus is 626 miles in length

C. nearly 200 tributaries feed the Ebro ( Spain's longest

river)

D. Po River (405 miles) is Italy's longest river.

E. Tiber River (252 miles); primary water source for

Rome.

III. Climates, Biomes, & Resources

F. Italy went through an industrial

reconstruction after WWII

G. areas along the Po River became

the industrial center

H. EU world's largest energy importer

I. pipelines along the Med. floor

deliver natural gas & oil from N.

Africa

Timeline Activity

strains on the government.

VII. Society and Culture Today

X. Addressing the Issues

b. plains cover 1/3 of the Peninsula; largest the plain of Lombardy

c. Apennine Mountains run down the center of Italy

d. in the north is the Alps

3. Balkan Peninsula

a. bounded by the Adriatic & Ionian Seas to the west

b. bounded by the Aegean & Black Seas to the east.

c. Greece is the southernmost country on the Balkan Peninsula

A. dominated by 2 legacies

1. location in the crossroads of 3 continents

2. historic events that occurred as a place where

societies first formed representative gov.

B. all SE countries speak languages derived from

Latin

C. SE strongly influenced by the RCC

D. literacy rates are 95%

E. Education is compulsory for all children &

university education is common and free

F. universal healthcare

II. Water Systems

A. minimum of 7 dates and facts on

your topic

B. draw pictures or print them (at home)

C. make it creative and neat

C. service sector has become more important in the

past 30 yrs.

D. increase in industries such as banking, retail, &

wholesale sales, tourism, health care, &

telecommunications

E. Spain's economy grew due to lower operating

costs & large workforce

A. The Mediterranean Action Plan (1975) was

created to help curb environmental

damage.

B. 1990 The European Environmental Agency created

(EEA).

C. World Wildlife Fund (WWF), Earthwatch, & the

Nature Conservancy all try to solve the

environmental problems in Southern Europe.

I. Landforms

VIII. Economic Activities

E. Italy, Spain, & Greece have aging

populations; population decline is a

concern

F. people are having smaller families

G. caring for the aging is a concern; elderly

Europeans are not able to rely on adult

children

H. caring for the elderly are causing drains

A. Europe is a continent made up of peninsulas- Iberian, Italian, &

Balkan.

1. Iberian Peninsula

a. home of Spain & Portugal

b. separates the Atlantic & the Mediterranean

c. coastal plains give way to the Meseta Plateau

d. separated from the rest of Europe by the Pyrenees

e. Andorra owes its political autonomy to its isolated location in

the mountains.

f. Pyrenees are characterized by flat-topped massifs

2. Italian Peninsula

a. extends from the south of Europe into the heart of the Med.

A. Greece's economy collapsed

1. Greece's economy based on small, family-owned

businesses, & agriculture

2. collapse caused by a real estate crash

3. unemployment in Greece reached 25% in 2012;

unemployment amongst young people topped 50%

B. access to the Med. Sea & the Atlantic Ocean has been essential

to economic development & stability

VI. Population Patterns

A. Europe is one of the most densely populated regions

of the world.

B. small land area, large population, & mostly

urbanized

C. The most densely populated state in SE is the

Vatican City

D. Greece is the most rural and agrarian of SE (222

people per square mile)

G. Italian women have achieved a high level of gender equality.

H. Still lag behind men in politics due to historical male

dominance & poor attitudes towards women.

I. Italy, Greece, Spain have family-centered culture.

J. popular for members of extended families to live together

K. Romans developed many basic elements of architecture-

columns, arches, & domes

L. Renaissance artists- Raphael, Michelangelo, Lenardo da Vinci,

Donatello

E. This wealth & stability made it possible for people to devote

themselves to to the study & innovative thought.

F. The 1800's & 1900's nationalism began (unification under a

shared cultural identity)

G. others pushed for independence from older multiethnic

regimes

H. Southern European countries have democratically elected

governments

I. Portugal, Spain, Italy, & Greece are all members of the EU

J. Spain, Italy, & Greece have experienced high unemployment

rates, face, credit problems, are undergoing the transition

from an industrial to a service economy

V. The Path Today

A. The period that followed the fall of the Roman Empire in

the West is known as the Middle Ages.

B. The period following the Middle Ages is known as the

Renaissance.

C. During the Renaissance (rebirth), Europe experienced a

renewed interest in the arts, politics, & philosophy.

D. Renaissance due largely to the wealth & stability of the

Italian city-states.

Chapter 12: Southern Europe