LEGAL SYSTEM IN THE UNITED KINGDOM

-after arresting and interviewing a person, the police believe that he or she committed the crime, that individual is charged

-You won’t get paid for jury service, but you can claim for food, drink, travel and loss of earnings

YOUTH COURTS

FAMILY PROCEEDINGS COURTS

-Handles cases known as summary offences

HIGH COURT

COURT OF APPEAL

CORONER'S COURT

ECCLESIASTICAL COURTS

The election court tries the petition without a jury, and has all the powers of the High Court or Court of Session...

http://ox.libguides.com/content.php?pid=141334&sid=1205592

http://www.cilex.org.uk/about_cilex_lawyers/the_uk_legal_system.aspx

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_of_the_United_Kingdom

ttps://www.judiciary.gov.uk/you-and-the-judiciary/going-to-court/family-law-courts/

http://businesscasestudies.co.uk/legal-services-commission/managing-change-a-new-approach-to-legal-services/the-difference-between-criminal-law-and-civil-law.html#axzz3ZCjN3g5U

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_criminal_law

https://www.gov.uk/jury-service/overview

https://www.judiciary.gov.uk/about-the-judiciary/the-justice-system/jurisdictions/tribunal-jurisdiction/

https://www.gov.uk/courts

http://www.justice.gov.uk/courts/rcj-rolls-building/intellectual-property-enterprise-court

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Election_court

https://www.gov.uk/the-military-court-service

http://www.coronerscourtssupportservice.org.uk/departments/the-coroners-court/

https://www.judiciary.gov.uk/you-and-the-judiciary/going-to-court/county-court/county-court/

https://www.judiciary.gov.uk/you-and-the-judiciary/going-to-court/high-court/

https://www.supremecourt.uk/about/role-of-the-supreme-court.html

LEGAL SYSTEM IN THE UNITED KINGDOM

SENIOR COURTS OF

THE ENGLAND AND THE WALES

SUBORDINATE COURTS

OTHER COURTS

SPECIAL COURTS

SUPREME COURT

-the final court of appeal in the UK for civil cases, and for criminal cases from England, Wales and Northern Ireland.

-hears cases of the greatest public or constitutional importance affecting the whole population

-maintains and develops the role of the highest court in the United Kingdom as a leader in the common law world

MILITARY COURTS

MAGISTRATES' COURTS

-plays an important role in the development of United Kingdom law

-All criminal cases start in a magistrates’ court

Civil Section

Criminal Section

-Cases are heard by either

2 or 3 magistrates and

a district judge

The Military Court Service (MCS) provides a criminal court service for the Royal Navy (RN), Army and Royal Air Force (RAF) in the Court Martial, Summary Appeal Court (SAC) and Service Civilian Court (SCC)...

The Coroner's Office is responsible for investigating the cause of death where it is currently unknown and presenting evidence in Court on the day of an Inquest...

head - Lord Chief Justice

head - Master of the Rolls

hears appeals from

most motoring offences, minor criminal damage, being drunk and disorderly

The three divisions of the High Court (Chancery, Queen's Bench and Family Division)

The Court of Appeal is the highest court within the Senior Courts, which also includes the High Court and Crown Court.

Role: The Military Court Service is to deliver a criminal court service for the Royal Navy, Army and Royal Air Force

-the coroner is a doctor or lawyer or both responsible for investigating deaths in particular situations

burglary, drugs offences

-Some of the more serious offences -

From the County Courts across England and Wales

murder, rape, robbery

-Always pass the most serious crimes to the Crown Court -

The Court of Appeal normally sits in up to 12 courts in the Royal Courts of Justice.

-determine who the deceased person was, how, when and where the individual died but not why

Aim: To carry out the timely, impartial and efficient administration of Service court proceedings.

From certain Tribunals as the Employment Appeal Tribunal, the Immigration Appeal Tribunal, the Lands Tribunal and the Social Security Commissioners

-Can give punishments-

up to 6 months in prison, a fine of up to £5,000, a community sentence

Motto: “Independent and Impartial”

-the coroner may be the only person able to certify the cause of death

ELECTION COURTS

The most high-profile cases and supervises other courts and tribunals...

A lot of family court proceedings are private, with no media allowed in and the decisions are usually not made public...

The High Court has three divisions:

Chancery: -presided over by The Chancellor of the High Court

-heard by 18 High Court judges

parental disputes over the upbringing of children

deal with:

An ecclesiastical court, also called court Christian or court spiritual, is any of certain courts having jurisdiction mainly in spiritual or religious matters...

local authority intervention to protect children

-dealt with in the Royal Courts of Justice in London and in eight provincial High Court centres

decrees relating to divorce

After the judges trying a petition against the result of a parliamentary election, they issue a certificate of their decision to the Speaker of the House of Commons.If the two judges disagree as to whether the election is valid, the original result of the election stands...

financial support for children after divorce/relationship breakdown

Queen’s Bench Division:

-heard by the President, and 73 High Court judges

some aspects of domestic violence

-The President has both a criminal and civil jurisdiction

adoption

cases include children and family problems are often heard by family court

Family:

CROWN COURT

PATENTS COUNTY COURT

court for people aged between 10 and 17

-deals with:

serious criminal cases

-3 magistrates and disctrict judge

appeals against a magistrates’ court conviction or sentence

-Your parent or guardian must come with you if you are under 16 yo

cases passed from a magistrates’ court for trial or sentencing

-members of the public are not allowed in to the court

a jury - decides if you’re guilty or not

-called by first name

The Intellectual Property Enterprise Court (IPEC) deals with intellectual property issues such as patents, copyright or trademark disputes and is situated in the Rolls Building, Fetter Lane, London. It forms part of the Chancery Division of the High Court...

a judge - decides what sentence you get

-deals with cases like theft and burglary, anti-social behaviour, drugs offences...

can explain what happens in court

a solicitor -

-court can give a range of sentences including

For serious crimes the case starts in the youth court but will be passed to a Crown Court...

-can give a range of sentences: community sentences

community sentences

prison sentences - including life sentences

Detention and Training Orders carried out in secure centres for young people

COUNTY COURTS

LEGAL SYSTEM

What we are going to talk about?

CIVIL LAW

-three legal systems

:English law

body of law dealing with non-criminal disputes

between individuals, organisations and other bodies

Northern Ireland law

common-law and civil-law principles principles

-Legal system

County Courts deal with civil (non-criminal) matters

-the person who starts a civil case is called a claimant

Scots law

-the other party is called the defendant

- Some law applies throughout the whole of the UK; some applies in only one, two or three countries

-the claimant has the burden of providing that he has more than a 50% probability - Balance of probabilities

-Criminal and Civil law

businesses trying to recover money they are owed

deal with:

-The UK is a constitutional monarchy

individuals seeking compensation for injuries

-Legislation is law that is created by a legislature

-Court structures

If the claimant is successful, the usual remedy is damages: a sum of money paid by the defendant to the claimant.

landowners seeking orders that will prevent trespass

-The UK Parliament consists of the House of Commons and the House of Lords

This is the only body that has the power to pass laws that apply in all four countries

- Heard by no jury

Circuit judges - are appointed to one of seven regions of England and Wales

District judges - are full-time judges who deal with the majority of cases in the County Courts.

Once the judge has heard the evidence from all parties involved he delivers his judgment immediately or at a later date.

TRIBUNALS

CRIMINAL LAW

JURY SERVICE

SOURCES

each tribunal is slightly different, but all are less formal than courts

the body of law dealing with crimes and their punishment

-you must do jury service when you’re asked

-the state has responsibility for crime prevention and justice

two-tier Tribunal system: A First–tier Tribunal

split into Chambers

An Upper Tribunal

-it will be as close as possible to where you live

- a person who believes that a crime has been committed contacts the police

-Chamber comprises similar jurisdictions or bring together similar types of experts to hear appeals

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!

HAVE A NICE DAY!

-Tribunals hear evidence from witnesses but decide the case themselves

-Tribunals have limited powers

-Jury service usually lasts up to 10 working days

-before convicting the guilty, the triar of proof is required -reasonable doubt

-Tribunal Chairmen or Tribunal Judges may be assisted in their decision-making by other legally qualified members - specialist members

When you’re sent a jury summons, you must complete and return it within 7 days...

Can handle cases like immigration, social security, child support, pension, taxes and employment...

If a person is found guilty, he can be fined, sent to a prison or given community services...