Introducing
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"The General Allotment Act"
Purpose: eliminate Traditional Tribal Landholding
The Dawes Act of 1887
The Wheeler-Howard Act of 1934
"the Indian Reorganization Act"
Attempted to restore indigenous communal life damaged by the Dawes Act
The Termination Acts (1953)
Julia Oliveira, Anna Ribeiro and Gui Grupenmacher
National Council of American Indians
"NCAI"
How did indigenous peoples organize themselves to change government policies?
Focused on reservation and tribal issues along with voting rights
Put an end to forced termination, the 1965 Indian Self- Determination act, the 1968 Indian Civil Rights Act
Indigenismo seen as a something good, mestizoes accepted :)
MEXICO!
Overview of the Canadian Indigenous people's events.
Inclusion of indigenous population was paramount
Spanish as a form of cultural integration
INI (Instituto Nacional Indigenista)
Urbanization of Indigenous people led to a rise in urban activism
Good education as a driving force of cultural imposition
International attention from organs like the IMF
Indigenous Rights in Latin America (21st Century)
Occupation of Alcatraz
American Indian Movement "AIM"
Few to no nations had policies like the Mexican Indigenismo
Constitutional Reforms gave Indians voting rights (Peru, Ecuador 1980s)
Demonstration of Wounded Knee
Local protests
Guatemala undergoes Civil War, Forced Labor for Mayans, Ends in 1996
resolution of Apology to Native Peoples
Indigenous Presidents, UN Support and several other factors serve as hope for better Indigenous rights as this Century unfolds.
Government policies led to an indigenous civil rights movement