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Dzungar Genocide
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Transcript
Dzungar Genocide
By: Rainbow Li
March 30, 2016
Period 1
Dzungar
How the Genocide Happened...
- established by a tribe of Oirat, the Western Mongolian
- also called "The Last Nomatic Empire"
- third Khan (ruler) of Dzungar Khanate is Galdan, the empire expanded territory
- Galdan believed in Tibetan Buddhism -> religious conflict with Qing
Dzungar
Qing
Qing Dynasty of China
- also spelled as the Zunghar Genocide
- happened between 1755-1758
- Amarsana did not get to be the Khan, so he rebelled against the Qing Dynasty
- this was seen as betrayal by the Emperor, and he considered Dzungar as the land of babarians that could not be moralized
- 1757, Emperor Qianlong sent a battalion to exterminate the Dzungar
- Dzungar eventually annihilated from the Qing forces and disease (smallpox) brought by the Qing
Paintings of the Dzungar Genocide
- Emperor Qianlong of Qing started full scale administration over Western Regions in 1716
- after having offensive and defensive fight repeatedly, Dzungar Khanate was annilated in 1755
- The conquest of Dzungar was successful due to the conspiration of Amursana, the military commander of Dzungar, for the position of the Khan (ruler)
Qianlong Emperor
If a rebel is captured and his followers wish to surrender, he must personally come to the garrison, prostrate himself before the commander, and request surrender. If he only send someone to request submission, it is undoubtedly a trick. Tell Tsengünjav to massacre these crafty Zunghars. Do not believe what they say.
-- Qianlong Emperor
Stages of Genocide
Dzungar Group Before Genocide...
Results
- it was the last nomatic empire
- It was able to reverse engineer European style cannon and gunpowder weapons from captured European officers
- it terrorized its central asian neighbors and it spanned accross a wide swath of central asia, Mongolia, and Russia
- its final defeat by the Qing brought an end to the era of nomadic steppe warfare
- around 60,000-80,000 men killed by the Qing forces, and women were taken as slaves
- Dzungar left almost empty, so later Qianlong Emperor ordered other groups to settle in, mostly the Han Chinese
- Qianlong eventually put the conquered lands of Dzungar Basin and Tarim Islamic area together, to form the a new area, the present day Xinjiang
- Dzungar = northern Xinjiang
Stage 1 -- Classification
Dzungar people were traitors
Stage 3 -- Dehumanization
land of the babarians
Stage 4 -- Extermination
men killed
(maybe) Stage 8 -- Denial
not much information found about the treatment of the captured
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