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The 'Deprivation Model' in Agression
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The 'Deprivation Model' in Agression
Skyes (1958) outlined 5 deprivations inmates suffer from...
What is it?
Hodgkins et al (1985)
> It is a model within the theory of Institutional Aggression that argues that prisoner or patient aggression is the product of the stressful and oppressive conditions of the instituation itself (Paterline & Peterson)
>Factors of this are crowding, fear, frustration and staff experience
Magargee (1976)
Hodgkins found that trainee nurses are more likely to suffer violent assault that experienced nurses.
Davies and Burgess (1988)
>Deprivation of Liberty - prisoners loose their civil rights and need permission to do the most basic things
>Deprivation of Autonomy - being constantly controlled by officers can cause helplesness and frustration, leading to agression
>Deprivation of Goods/ Service - living in near poverty conditions by force can create a sense of failure and frustration leading to agression
>Deprivation of Hetrosexual Relationships - this may reduce a man's self worth
>Deprivation of Security - a feeling of fear may create helplesness in prisoners, leading to agression
> Found that aggressive incidents in prisons were negatively correlated to the amount of living space available for each prisoner.
->This links with the deprivation theory as with crowding comes deprivation of many things, such as security or autonomy.
> In overcrowded prisons, strategies may be put in place to compensate, which results in fewer opportunities for inmates to interact with each other, which leads to further deprivation of relationships.
> This supports the deprivation model as the more deprived these inmates are, the more aggressive incidents seem to occur, suggesting it is their environment influencing their behaviours.
Found that in the prison setting,lenght of service was also a significant factor, with more experienced officers being less likely to suffer and assault.