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  • Spring and summer was the time for hunting and fishing, as well as foraging, when wild foods become ripe
  • •Trade generally occurred during summer months
  • Fall was time for harvesting and processing fruits, nuts and other foods for use during late winter and early spring
  • Following the harvest they would embark on a winter hunt

Disappearance:

Works Cited

The Cat Nation

Location

Axtell, Fred (Dancing Owl), and Taylor-True, Victoria. “Names/Sub-Tribes”. 2009. Erie Indian Moundbuilders. 23 Jan. 2013. Tribal Nation. <www.eriemoundbuilders.com/names_subtribes/ >

Brose, David S., Cowan, C. Wesley, and Mainfort Jr., Robert C. ed. Societies in Eclipse: Archaeology of the Eastern Woodland Indians A.D. 1400-1700. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, 2001.

“Erie Indian Tribe History”. Access Genealogy. Jan. 2013. Webified Development. 23 Jan. 2013. <www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/iroquioi/iroquoishist.htm>

Kelly, Darlene E, (2000). Historical Collections of Ohio. "The Cat Nation"-Ohio's Erie Indians. www.genrecords.net/emailregistry/vols/00026.html#0006374

“Recorded History: Erie Indians”. NOACA. 2011. The Northeast Ohio Areawide Coodinating Agency. 23 Jan. 2013. <www.noaca.org/REC.HTML>

Sultzman, Lee. “Erie History”. Dickshovel.com. 23 Jan. 2013. <www.dickshovel.com/erie.html>

Erie is an abreviation of Erielhonan meaning "long tail"

Wildlife and Available Game:

?

Fish

Wild Turkey

Deer

Beaver

Raccoon

Birds

Foraging Included American Chestnut, Thistles and Varieties of Native Squash

Fruit

Nuts

Berries

Maize

Beans

  • Peace conference should have ensured survival of Erie, but they turned sour.
  • All 30 Erie delegates were killed after an Erie killed an Iroquois in an argument.
  • The Iroquois made peace with the French, then set about destroying the Erie.
  • Erie lack of firearms was a serious disadvantage and major contributor to their demise.
  • 1656- Erie finally defeated.
  • Most Erie survivors incorporated into the Seneca.
  • 1680's- Iroquois still tracking down remnants of the Erie tribe. (western Pa.)
  • May have hidden on the Lake Erie islands
  • 1720's- Erie descendants in the Seneca returned to Ohio Valley and became known as the Mingos
  • Later displaced by US government to reservations in Oklahoma (1840's)

American Indians Lifeways: Erie

Shawn Doliboa

Amanda Gutierrez

Jillian Linn

Andrew Reed

Conflict:

  • Practiced warfare with surrounding tribes. (Algonquin, Iroquois)
  • Known as fierce warriors.
  • Involved in wars with the in late 1500's - early 1600's that lead to downfall.
  • 1630's-Western Villages: Conflict with Algonquin may have occurred as a result of overlapping beaver hunting territories. (early 1600's)
  • 1651- Iroquois Conflicts Begin
  • Demanded refugees being harbored by Erie.
  • Erie refused.
  • After years of skirmishes/raids a peace conference was held.

Surviving Village/Division Information:

Population : 4,ooo-15,000 at height

1. Kentaientonga (Gentaguehronon, Gentaienton, Gentaguetehronnon)

2. Honniasont (Black Minqua, Honniasontkeronon, Oniassontke)

3. Rigué (Arrigahaga, Rigueronnon, Rique, Riquehronnon).

European Contact:

The Jesuit Relation

  • mentioned briefly in conflicts with other nations and outlining territory periodically between 1639-1656

Hunting and Gathering

Typical Village:

Kinship and Government:

  • established permanent villages in conjunction with seasonal subsistence
  • high surrounding walls
  • shared long houses for multiple families
  • communal fires
  • designated work areas for breakdown/preparation of animal and plant products
  • lack designated men's areas
  • matrilineal or matrilineal patrilines
  • village life run by women and older men
  • young men belonged in the forest and on the water
  • Government may have broken down like Iroquois because of trade
  • Iroquois attacking other nations created a slave-like class in Erie society
  • Women were in charge of gathering fruits and nuts
  • Hunted with bow and poisned arrows, knives, and hatchets
  • Lived in animal skin shelters during hunting trips
  • •Canoes and snowshoes were used for travel
  • Caught fish with bone hooks, spears, and weighted nets
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