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Potomac Horse Fever

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LO

Lily O'Hara

Transcript

Clinical Signs

  • Fever
  • Anorexia
  • Colic
  • Depression
  • Ileus
  • Diarrhea
  • Colitis
  • Bright red/purple mucous membranes
  • Persistent fever

Potomac Horse Fever

By: Lily O'Hara

Sources

Organs Affected

  • http://newscenter.equinesite.com/equinehealth/249-potomac-horse-fever.html

  • http://www.merckmanuals.com/vet/digestive_system/intestinal_diseases_in_horses_and_foals/potomac_horse_fever.html

  • http://cvm.msu.edu/alumni-friends/information-for-animal-owners/potomac-horse-fever

  • http://vet.sagepub.com/content/23/4/471.full.pdf

Life Cycle

How it's Contracted

Treatment

What is it?

  • Intensive supportive medical therapy
  • Intravenous medication
  • Oxytetracycline twice a day
  • Fever and diarrhea will subside within 48 hours

  • Severe cases
  • May need plasma transfusions
  • A parasite, living in freshwater snails and aquatic insects, is a reservoir for N. risticii.

  • Parasites and N. risticii have been found in adult and immature forms of aquatic insects, such as caddisflies, mayflies, damselflies, dragonflies, and stoneflies.

  • Ingestion an aquatic insect or snail while grazing, or consume a flying insect that has landed in drinking water.
  • A diseases is caused by Neorickettsia risticii, an organism that lives inside several different cells of the equine body.

  • Has been referred to in the past as equine monocytic ehrlichiosis, or equine ehrlichial colitis.

  • Damages the intestine by invading the horse's white blood cells and migrating into the bowel

  • Enters the colonocytes and enterocytes lining the mucosa of the bowel

Erlichiea surrounded by a closely applied host membrane in a macrophage.

Fig. 1 - Mild localized patches of hyperemia of mucous membrane of the jejunum.

Fig. 2 - Patches of patechiea in mucous membrane of the cecum.

Prevention

  • New vaccination
  • Not 100% effective
  • Results show decreases severity of disease
  • Turn off barn lights to prevent attraction of possible infected insects
  • Not zoonotic
  • Transmission between horses doesn't happen
  • Isolation is recommended
  • Clean water buckets
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