renaissance

The Renaissance

The Printing Press

astromony

The Chinese used blocks for printing in 500 AD. When block printing came to Europe in 14th century where they had a craze for card games and pictures of saints. In 1436 a German named Johan Gutenberg started making moveable type with metal letters. Then printing presses were made all over Europe. People learned how to read and write and newspapers were uesed to tell stories instead of story tellers. People learned how to read and write in their own language so they could read the Bible.

The Ancient Greeks belived that the Earth was in the middle of the universe .

Copernicus (1473-1543)

did not have a good telescope but with the knowledge of geometry and logic he discovered that the sun was in the middle of the universe and that the planets orbited around it.

Johann Kepler (1571-1630)

Kepler was a German astronomer who worked in Tycho Brahe's observatory. He used mathematical calculations to work out how the planets moved. kepler discovered that the planets travelled in eliptical orbits instead of perfect circles like Copernicus thought

art

Galileo Galilei (1564-1642)

Galileo was born Pisa, Italy. Galileo main interest was astronomy. When Galileo heard about a telescope made in the 8th century he made it and improved it. That telescope could magnify object by 20X he proved that copernicus and kepler were right by tracking the movements of the planets with his telescope

When Leonardo da Vinci was a boy he was raised in Vinci did not have much early education instead he spent a lot of time out observing birds plants and the rest of nature . When Leonardo was 14 he was sent to Florence to become a apprentice

with the artist Verrocchio . Leonardo and

Verrocchio worked together on a painting "Baptism of Christ" . Leonardo

continued to draw by going to the

Medici zoo . When leonardo was 30

he went to milan

architecture

Some people in the Renaissance thought that Brunelleschi invented perspective based on Greek mathmatics. The vanishing point was were lines ment in the distance in a painting. This made the painting look realistic because it created depth in the painting with objects in the distance being smaller than objects in the foreground in the painting.

Filippo Brunelleschi (1377-1466)

Filippo was an experienced goldsmith he used his knowledge about gold and could sculpt it into somthing. Filippo won a contest to build a dome for the cathedral in Florence.

Leonardo da Vinci

anatomy

Basilica of St. Peter

this is the most famous building built in the renaissance. several architects worked on the design for including michelangelo . it has the largest interior of any christian in the world

In Ancient Rome Galen was a doctor who treated gladiators. He learned a lot about the human body. During the Renaissance Andreas Vesalius used Galen's discoveries about the human body to improve

knowledge .

GALEN

As an apprentice in Florence, Leonardo became an expert observer and drawer. He spent time at the zoo learning about the anatomy of animals

by drawing . Later on Leonardo went to hospitals to watch operations

and went to morgues to dissect bodies . Leonardo discovered the way the blood flows through the body and learned about muscles. Leonardo's drawings were always in perfect proportion.

galen was wrong in some of his observations and information for instance: Andreas Vesalius

discovered that the jaw bone is one bone not two.

Palazzo Pitti

originally built in 1458 for florence banker luca pitti , this palace later became part of the Medici empire

Andreas Vesalius

Andreas made the diagram from Galen's skeleton diagrams. Until he found Galen's notebooks, Andreas

thought that the knowledge

about the body was lost.

Vesalius used cadavers and

dissected them to learn more about

how the body worked. This was a new method of learning by conducting practical experiments.Vesalius wrote a book full of drawings that became very popular.

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music

mathew oaks

Claudio Monteverdi (1567-1643)

Claudio wrote l'orfeo one earliest operas He was famous in his lifetime.

In the early Renaissance singing was still more important than instruments. Songs were written for churches and entertainment such as dancing. Once people had more money they could listen to music and learn to play it with sheet music made by the printing press.

lute

The lute was an ancient instrument that was used in Ancient Egypt.

Early lutenist just improvised because there was no sheet music to play from.

A lute player was called a lutenist people. In the Renaissance could learn and play music on the lute with sheet music.