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With his experiment, Chadwick proved that neutrons are in the nuclear. He also discovered that it is not a bound out of protons and electrons but a neutral particle with about the same weight like a proton.
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A paraffin wax target is put between the two chambers. Neutrons may hit Atoms within the Wax which release protons, which are then detected in the ionization chamber
Before they discovered the neutrons, they only knew about the protons. But Rutherford found out that Helium has 4 times the mass of Hydrogen but only 2 Protons. He reasoned that there must be something else in the nucleus. He called that Neutron. He also thought that neutrons are a bound out of protons and electrons.
Chadwick’s discovery
Chadwick’s apparatus consisted of the neutron chamber, in which neutrons are produced, and the ionization chamber which detects protons.
Chadwick’s apparatus consisted of the neutron chamber, in which neutrons are produced, and the ionization chamber which detects protons.
The air is removed from the neutron chamber through the thin chimney to produce a vacuum.