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semantics

practice

shack

flat

house

abode

palace

apartment

mansion

cottage

bungalow

crib

LEXIS &

Can you rank these words?

How would you do it?

According to their literal meaning, by size, desirability?

SEMANTICS

the concept of the

What we are looking at here is

literal meaning

how words have meaning

walk

includes

  • a definition (or definitions)
  • any synonyms
  • any antonyms

SEMANTICS

freedom

lexis

morphology

grammar

how words function in sentences / utterances

how words are formed

literal

denotation

definition, synonym, antonym

metaphor

connotation

collocation

figurative

associative

But there is something that I must say to my people, who stand on the warm threshold which leads into the palace of justice: in the process of gaining our rightful place we must not be guilty of wrongful deeds.

Let us not seek to satisfy our thirst for freedom by drinking from the cup of bitterness and hatred.

We must forever conduct our struggle on the high plane of dignity and discipline.

We must not allow our creative protest to degenerate into physical violence.

Again and again we must rise to the majestic heights of meeting physical force with soul force.

?

denotes

3 SEMANTIC concepts relating to meaning

denotation

1 - literal meaning

  • the primary meaning
  • what the word refers to

&

literal

Martin Luther King's 1963 speech

I have a dream

relate to

the terms

2 - associative meanings

3 SEMANTIC concepts relating to meaning

home

associative

3 - figurative meanings

3 SEMANTIC concepts relating to meaning

1 - literal meaning

denotation, definition, synonym, antonym

?

connotation

?

1 - literal meaning

connotes

2 - associative meanings

connotation, collocation

2 - associative meanings

?

  • added meaning(s)
  • an idea or feeling the word carries in addition to its denotation

3 - figurative meanings

metaphor

50th anniversary BBC presentation

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-23853578

literal

denotation

definition, synonym, antonym

metaphor

connotation

collocation

figurative

The marvellous new militancy which has engulfed the Negro community must not lead us to distrust of all white people, for many of our white brothers, as evidenced by their presence here today, have come to realize that their destiny is tied up with our destiny.

They have come to realise that their freedom is inextricably bound to our freedom.

We cannot walk alone.

And as we walk, we must make the pledge that we shall march ahead.

We cannot turn back.

associative

___ thirst

the concept of the

thirst ___

associative meaning

includes

  • collocation

___ valley

valley ___

semantic extensions

the concept of the

you're a rock

figurative meaning

this project is my baby

relates to the use of a word in a non-literal manner

  • metaphor

to suggest a comparison

your fate is tied up with mine

  • write an analysis of either or both of these extracts
  • watch the whole BBC presentation or read the text of the full speech (Moodle), and find other examples of the semantics in the speech
  • compare King's speech with Nelson Mandela's inauguration speech as South African President or Barack Obama's 2008 inauguration speech as U.S. President (Moodle)
  • read the emagazine article "Give words a makeover" (Moodle)

HIGH

figurative meaning

or

LOW

also relates to the repeated use of a metaphor so that it influences how we think

  • a conceptual metaphor

which is "better"

in terms of

  • achievement
  • status
  • power?

life as a ____

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