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"Canadian Biodiversity: Ecozones: Pacific Maritime." Canadian Biodiversity: Ecozones: Pacific Maritime. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Mar. 2013. <http://canadianbiodiversity.mcgill.ca/english/ecozones/pacificmaritime/pacificmaritime.htm>.
"Landforms and Climate of the Pacific Maritime Ecozone." Landforms and Climate of the Pacific Maritime Ecozone. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Mar. 2013. <http://ecozones.ca/english/zone/PacificMaritime/land.html>.
"Pacific Maritime Ecozone." Scienceray RSS. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Mar. 2013. <http://scienceray.com/earth-sciences/physical-geography/pacific-maritime-ecozone/>.
The Pacific Maritime is made of complex mountain soils that are rich in nutrients and also has a lot of humus. The nutrient and humus level may depend on the elevation. The soil of the Pacific Maritime is the reason for the length of the trees, as it is rich and contains large amounts of humus. Though, 900m high, the soil is not very rich and nutrient filled. The main energy supply of this region is natural gas. It is composed of acid and well-weathered soils, rock (debris), and moraine that was carried and deposited by glacier. There are three types of rocks, metallic, non-metallic, and energy mineral, that can be found in this region.
This ecozone is part of the west coast forest vegetation because it has lots of natural vegetation which is mostly coniferous trees such as Western hemlock, Sitka, Red cedar, spruce and Douglas fir. There are many other species of plants in this ecozone but they vary with elevation. Due to its mild temperature and long growing season, the pacific maritime is known for having tallest and oldest trees. The trees can grow as high as 100m tall and 5m wide. Among British Columbia’s rarest forests, Arbutus and Garry Oak woodland is considered one of the most endangered ecosystems in North America. Factors such as urbanization, wildfire suppression and introduction of exotic species are the reasons why 95% of its original range was destroyed.
The Pacific Maritime is located in Canada’s western coastline which causes the weather to be mild all season. This ecozone has great weather conditions which include cool summers (15°) and mild winters (3°C). On average, the temperature in July ranges between 12°C to 18°C (average of 13°C) and in January, it ranges between 4°C to 6°C (average of -1.5°C).
This ecozone is known to have the wettest climate in Canada. Is some areas, they receive as little as 600mm while some can have as much have 3000mm.
The growing season is about 200 to 260 days (April to mid October).
A few wildlife that can be found in Pacific Maritime are:
The Pacific Maritime is among the 15 terrestrial ecozone in Canada. It is found along British Columbia’s coast and lies within the Pacific Ring of Fire. This is one of the ecozones where you can find remarkable sceneries and breathtaking landforms. It is also where Canada’s tallest trees, the deepest and longest fjords, and spectacular hot springs are. The climate in this ecozone is also one of the factors that make this ecozone exceptionally beautiful.
Pacific Maritime ecozone was formed during the last cretaceous era approximately 80 million years ago. The Pacific and the North American plate collided and caused a lot of folding and faulting. This process resulted in a mountainous region with small coastal plains and fjords. The Coast Mountains dominates most of the region. It rises steeply from the fjords and deep channels
Forestry is one of the main economic activities in Vancouver. Over-exploiting and clear-cutting have caused the availability of the forest to dramatically decrease.
Rapid Urbanization caused Vancouver’s natural landscape to completely change. Trees were replaced by buildings and other construction sites. Because of this, many animals have lost their habitat and natural vegetation was also greatly affected.
Fishing in Vancouver was once one of the main economic activities in the area. However, because of overfishing, it became less significant.
Habitat change will eventually occur in many places in Vancouver. Because of this, many species will have less chance in survival thus the natural environment will change.
There will be fewer resources because of the unsustainable use of them. For example, there will be less food sources because of over-exploitation and urbanization in the city.
In more ways than one, each characteristic is dependent on each other. A significant factor in Pacific Maritime’s regions climate, soil, and natural vegetation is landforms.
The tall mountainous regions seen in the Pacific Maritime ecozone is an important cause of precipitation and varying temperatures. As saturated air rises over the mountain range, it loses heat and begins to condense, therefore more precipitation occurs. On the other hand, the coastal location also affects the ecozone’s climate. The air mass above bodies of water absorbs its moisture and blows over to land. Ocean currents have a moderating effect on land mass causing cooler temperature in the summer and warmer temperature in the winter.
Increased levels of precipitation have an effect on Pacific Maritime’s soil and minerals. Leaching is the removal of minerals from soil by water as it moves downwards. Due to more precipitation, leached soil occurs often throughout the region.