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The Musckuloskeletal System
Skeletal Muscles
Common
Musculoskeletal Terms
Structure of Skeletal Muscle
Tendons: bands of connective tissue that connect muscles to bones.
Ligaments: bands of connective tissue that connect bones to bones.
Bursae: closed sacs of synovial fluid located where tendon or ligament rub against a bone to reduce friction.
Fascia: connective tissue that convers muscles, blood vessels, and nerves and anchors organs to nearby structures.
Anatomy of the Muscular System
Strains
3 Types of Muscle Tissues
Smooth Muscle
- Also called Visceral Muscle
- Found in the internal organs
- Helps organs contract
Cardiac Muscle
- Found in the heart
Skeletal Muscle
- Attach to bones and help provide voluntary movement.
- Produce heat and energy for the body.
- Help maintain posture.
- Protect Internal Organs.
- Injury to a muscle or tendon due to overextension.
- May cause significant loss of function.
- Common in arms and back.
Sprains
Partial Tearing of a ligament caused by sudden twisting that exceeds normal range of motion.
Joint Dislocations
Joint dislocation should be suspected when the joint is deformed or does not have the normal range of motion.
Dislocations can result in damage to the tissues around it and instability.
Musculoskeletal in EMS
Pathophysiology of the musculoskeletal system
Joint Injuries
- Sprains
- Subluxations
- Dislocations
Bone Injuries
- Fractures
Nearly 85% of trauma patients experience musculoskeletal injuries.
In addition to trauma patients, nearly one in four americans experience a musculoskeletal injury annually.
Types of Joints
Muscle Movement
The working muscle is called the prime mover or agonist.
The relaxing muscle is the antagonist.
The prime mover is helped by other muscles called synergists.
These contract at the same time as the prime mover.
They hold the body in position so that the prime mover can work smoothly.
Major Bones
Bone Structure
Overview of Skeletal System
The Musculoskeletal System
5 Functions:
- Protection of Internal Organs
- Movement
- Support
- Storage of Minerals
- Forms Blood Cells
5 Bone Classifications:
- Long Bones
- Short Bones
- Flat Bones
- Irregular Bones
- Sesamoid Bones
Human Body has a total of 206 Bones.