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The Russian Downfall

1850-1914

Russia was in turmoil from the 1850's to 1914. They experienced peasant revolts, assination of Alexander II, and the Crimean war.

Marching of winter palace

1905

The Crimean War

Eva Lombardi,Kylee Gillmore, Will Frank, Justin Wolford, and James McInerney

1853-1856

In 1905, a group of peaceful protesters led by Father Georgy Gapon decided to march to the winter palace to present a petition to Tsar Nicolas II. As they marched, they were fired upon and killed by the Imperial Guard. This grave mistake led to many consequences, some being many revolts and strikes of the common Russian people.

The Russian empire expanded into the Balkan provinces of the Ottoman empire. This threatened to upset the balance of power, which led to military conflict between Russia, France,the Kingdom of Sardinia, and the Ottoman empire. Russia was unable to to mobilize, equip, and transport troops to defeat European forces, causing Russian armies to suffer defeats on their own territories.The defeat showed weakness and forced the the autocracy to reevaluate social order.

The Duma was created and reign of Nicholas II 1905

The Emancipation of Serfs

1861

Bloody Sunday Massacre

1905

After the Russian revolution, Nicholas II created the duma.The Duma was Russia's first parliamentary institution. The purpose of this was to monitor the Tsars decisions and actions. Tsars soon became angered with the Duma because it criticized their ways of ruling. As a result of this, they discontinued the Duma and decided that Russia's monarch government wasn't going to work and it needed to be changed.

Many people believed that serfdom had become an obstacle to economic development and a viable state. It was a source of peasant revolt. Tsar Alexander II abolished the institution of serfdom, he said, " It is better to abolish serfdom from above than to wait until the serfs begin to liberate themselves from below." Peasants were given land but had to pay taxes on them and found themselves in debt for the rest of their lives.This was reason for alienation and radicalization.

On January 22, 1905, a group of people led by the priest Georgy Gapon marched to the the Czar's winter palace in hopes of their demands being met. While they were marching, they were shot by the Imperial Forces, hundreds being wounded, and some even killed. This led to a huge outrage, causing riots and strikes and eventually pushing the Czar to make groups of representative assemblies, or also know as Dumas.

Russo Japanese War 1904 - 1905

Political Reform

1864

Nicholas II tried deflecting attention from domestic issues and expanded into East Asia. Russian designs on Korea and Manchuria that clashed with similar Japanese intentions.This war started with a Japanese surprise attack on the Russians navy at Port Arthur. This resulted in the destruction of the Russian navy.

Russian political reform was done on a more local level. To do this the country was divided into Zemstvos. The Zemstvos were controlled by the federal government instead of a local one. These reforms lead to lawyers and help lessen judicial corruption.

The Witte System

1893

Assassination of Alexander

The Witte System was made by Count Sergei Witte. The system removed obstacles that were believed to prohibit economic growth. It also added policies that stimulated economic growth for industries. The Witte System also added a Trans Siberian railway. This ultimately helped with the fall of Russia because the peasants were not happy with the living/working conditions under the Witte System.

In 1876 the Land and Freedom Party started to promote the assassination of key government officials. many officials were targeted but the most note worthy was the assassination of Alexander II. In 1881 the Tsar was in his carriage when a bomb went off, a dud. He got out to inspect the damage when a second bomb went off which was successful in doing its job. This ended the era of reformation in Russia.

The Russian Repression

1873-1876

Many activists saw the potential for a revolt in the country side. These people went to the rural areas of Russia attempting to enlighten the peasants about the problems within the Russian Government. The activists had a rude awakening when the government caught wind of what was happening. The Russian government killed the activists in order to squash these revolutionary ideas. That didn't work out so well for the officials because the entire country knew about what was going on. This was the fuel to the fire so to speak and it spread the ideas faster than they would have traveled otherwise.

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