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by Matthew C., Griffin, and Andrew
A system is parts that come together as a whole. The spheres on earth are all a system because they all make the world run correctly. Without one of them, the earth wouldn't be right...
The hydrosphere is all the water that exists here on earth. From water underground, to water vapor all the way into the sky. Water gets from place to place using the water cycle. Water is constantly going into the air, forming into clouds, and falling back down.
...Just like pieces in a puzzle.
About 70% of the planet earth's surface is water. Most water on the surface is in oceans. Only a little bit of water on earth is fresh water. Fresh water can be used for cleaning, drinking, and growing crops.
The biosphere is life. The biosphere is anywhere where there is life. The biosphere works together with all other spheres. All the spheres came together and created the world we live on.
Geologists use seismometers to measure the shear wave that pass by. Shear waves don't pass through liquids, so when seismic waves disappeared in the outer core and reappeared in the inner core, they knew the inner core was solid and the outer core was liquid.
Geologists can also use seismometers to measure seismic waves and invert the travel time to figure out the density of the object it was going through. That helps them find out the materials of the earth.
People can also use diving gear to go under water and bring materials back up to be studied.
The atmosphere is split into 5 layers
There are factors that help support life on earth, like the distance from the earth and the sun. Climate and weather can effect the biosphere.
LAYER 3 : Mesosphere
It is colder in the mesosphere than in the stratosphere at about -180 degrees Fahrenheit. When meteors enter the mesosphere they usually burn up and can't get to the earth's surface.
LAYER 1 : Troposphere
The troposphere contains about 80% of the air on earth. Lots of weather happens in the troposphere
The atmosphere is all our breathing air and the thing that protects us from huge falling meteors.
Changes are always happening and things like bacteria have to break down materials. This changes a lot of stuff and organisms have to adapt to it. If organisms couldn't adapt to the biosphere, we wouldn't be alive.
The exosphere goes out to the solar winds. The exosphere is compressed by solar storms. When the sun is still, the exosphere extends even more, up to 10,000 km above the surface of earth.
LAYER 5 : Exosphere
LAYER 2 : Stratosphere
The stratosphere holds the ozone in it. the ozone is the thing that stops the suns ultraviolet rays from hurting us. The bottom of the stratosphere is very very cold at about -110 degrees Fahrenheit.
LAYER 4 : Ionosphere
Satellites circle earth in the ionosphere. The ionosphere has electric waves that reflect radio waves. Electric displays in the ionosphere create the northern and southern light auroras.