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Somalia is one of the poorest countries in the world, ranking 161st out of 163 countries on the United Nations’ Human Development Index in 2001. Somalia did not appear on the 2006 index for lack of data. About 40 percent of Somalis live in extreme poverty on less than $1 a day.

Somalia's Flag

The star has 5 points - one for each branch of the Somalis: Issas of Djibouti, Somalis of Ethiopia, Issaks of Somaliland, Somalis of old Italian Somalia and the Somalis of North Kenya .

Current Issues

  • Ethnic group- Somali, with a small non-Somali minority (mostly Bantu and Arabs).
  • Issues- famine; use of contaminated water contributes to human health problems; deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion; desertificationSomalia is a land broken by famine, disease and war. The United States is backing Ethiopian incursions into Somalia, and American warplanes have raided Somalia three times in 2007 alone, allegedly in attempts to keep al-Qaeda militants from taking hold

The Climate

Relationship with the U.S

Somalia has two rainy seasons: the Gu (April to June) and the Dayr (October to November). Droughts usually occur every two to three years in the Dayr and every eight to ten years in both the Dayr and the Gu. The coastal region in the south around Mogadishu and Kismaayo has an additional rainy season, the Xagaaye (July to August), in which isolated rain showers prevail.

Somalia's relationship with the United States is

not very good.

Somalia had

sided with

the Soviet

Union causing

conflict with

the U.S.

Piracy

The long-standing absence of authority in the country has led to Somali pirates becoming a major threat to international shipping in the area, and has prompted Nato to take the lead in an anti-piracy operation.

  • Education: Literacy--total population that can read and write, 37.8%: male 49.7%; female 25.8%.

  • A small minority of Christians did live in Somalia until the late 20th century, when Christian schools were shut down and most of the Christians left the country.

Somalia's location

Somalia

  • Nation Capital- Mogadishu
  • languages- Somali and arabic. Swahili is spoken particulary in the south.
  • Religions- Muslim
  • Population-4,996,204
  • Natural resources: Largely unexploited reserves of iron ore, tin, gypsum, bauxite, uranium, copper, salt; likely petroleum and natural gas reserves.

Somalia’s military of 10 divisions broke up after

the 1991 overthrow of President Siad Barre

and hasn’t been reconstituted since.

  • Gnp-1.12 billion dollars
  • GDP-$5.896 billion
  • Debt-3 billion
  • Life expectancy- total population: 50.4 years
  • male: 48.49 years
  • female: 52.37 years (2011 est.)
  • Diseases-dengue fever, malaria, and Rift Valley fever, bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A and E, and typhoid fever, schistosomiasis, rabies
  • Infant mortality- 105.56 deaths/1,000 live births

Type of government: Transitional Federal Government (TFG)

Who runs the country: the president is Abdulkassim Salat Hassan and Hassan Abshir Farah as prime minister

Steps taken towards democracy: the country is currently under no specific gov. they have clans fighting for power.

  • Religion active in Somalia- Muslim
  • The role of religious functionaries began to shrink in the 1950s and 1960s as some of their legal and educational powers and responsibilities were transferred to secular authorities. The position of religious leaders changed substantially after the 1969 revolution and the introduction of scientific socialism. Siad Barre insisted that his version of socialism was compatible with Quranic principles, and he condemned atheism. Religious leaders, however, were warned not to meddle in politics.
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