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-Computerized axial tomography(CAT)-a series of x-rays taken from different angles and combined into a composite representation of a slice through the body; shows brain structure

-Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)-uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce images that distinguish among types of soft tissue; allows us to see structures within the brain

-Electroencephalogram(EEG)-amplified recording of the waves of electrical activity that sweep across the brain’s surface; helpful in evaluating brain function

-Positron emission tomography(PET)-uses radioactive glucose injection to visually see brain activity

Somatosensory cortex

Motor cortex

Parietal lobe

Frontal lobe

Cerebral Cortex

Biopsychology 3:

Occipital-back side of the brain; vision processing area

Temporal-side of the brain; auditory processing area; includes Wernicke's area (language and speech comprehension adn expression)

The Brain

Broca's area

Occipital lobe

Wernicke's area

Ways to view the brain

Temporal lobe

Limbic System

Cerebral Cortex

Limbic system-a ring of structures at the border of the brainstem and cortex; hypothalamus, hippocampus and amygdala

Hypothalamus-helps regulate maintenance activities, such as eating, drinking, body temperature; linked to emotion and pleasure; governs endocrine system

Hippocampus-processing new memories for permanent storage

Amygdala-small, marble-shaped clusters; controls fear and aggression

-2 hemispheres; control and process info for the opposite side of the body.

-Hemispheres connected by the corpus callosum

-Divided into 4 lobes: frontal, parietal, occipital and temporal

Frontal-planning, judgement and movement; includes the motor cortex and Broca's area (speech formation)

Parietal-body position and sense of touch, includes somatosensory cortex

Zeh Bwain!

Fwum now on, we will wefuhr to zeh bwain as...ZEH BWAIN!

Zeh bwain is divided into two main ehweeas, the wohwah bwain and the sehweebwall cohwtex.

The wohwah bwain contains the fahwohwing: bwainstem, mehdoowah, pons, weticuwahr fohmation, fahwahmus, sehwehbehwum, wimbic system, hypofahwahmus, hippocampus and amigdahwah!

Thalamus and Cerebellum

Joking aside:

the lower brain contains the following: brainstem, medulla, pons, reticular formation, thalamus, cerebellum, limbic system, hypothalamus, hippocampus and amygdala

Thalamus-brain's sensory hub; all stimuli from external sources passes through the thalamus and then to the sensory processing areas of the cerebral cortex; located on top of the brainstem

Cerebellum-"little brain"; helps control voluntary movements and balance; attached to the rear of the brainstem; function is impaired with the addition of alcohol

The Brainstem

Brainstem-oldest and central core of the brain; controls automatic survival functions; begins where spinal cord enters the skull

Medulla-located at the base of the brainstem; controls basic life-supporting functions (breathing, heartbeat, etc.)

Reticular formation-nerve network in the brainstem; plays important role in controlling wakefulness and arousal

Pons-located above the medulla; controls arousal, some facial sensation and equilibrium

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