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Based on the principle that we tend to like others who strike us as similar, Giles claimed that speech accommodation is a frequently used strategy to gain the appreciation of people who are from different groups or cultures.
Chapter 31
Accommodation is the constant movement toward or away from others by changing your communicative behavior
*Convergence- adapt communication to better match other party
*Divergence- communication that accentuates the differences between communicators
*Maintenance- keeping the same communication style regardless of the other
*Over Accommodation- excessive accommodation, usually demeaning, often characterized as "baby talk"
*Group memberships and social categories can help define who we are
*We’re all representatives of the group(s) we belong to
*Personal identity versus social identity
*Diverge speech to keep an outsider out, converge to get them in
*Desire for social approval
*There’s a positive relationship between similarity and attraction
*Identify with the other person by changing what you say and how you say it to appear similar
*Convergence is positive- more competent, attractive, warm, cooperative
*Divergence is negative – insulting, impolite, hostile.
*BUT accommodation is in the eyes and ears of the beholder, how the other person perceived the communicators behavior is the most important.
* Communicators’ predisposition to focus on either their individual identity or group identity during a conversation
*To predict which route someone will take is hard.
*There are 5 factors to show that someone will see the conversation as an intergroup encounter.
*Attribution- the perceptual process by which we observe what people do and then try to figure out their intent or disposition.
*How we’ll interpret our conversation partners’ convergent or divergent behavior
"Enormous scope at the cost of clarity"
-Rated against the 6 criteria for good objective theories
*Explanation of data- Cat describes and explains
*Prediction of the future- Cat places its bets ahead of time, attempts to predict how people will interpret accommodating behavior
*Relative Simplicity- Extraordinarily complex. “Cat’s structure and underlying terminology are not always represented consistently in text and propositions”.
It’s not easy to simplify either.
*Testable hypothesis- The theory as a whole cannot be tested at one time.
*Quantitative research- Quantitative research is surprising to find in a theory rooted in social psychology, but it is found
*Practical Utility- The theory can be beneficially applied to any situation where people from different groups or cultures come into contact.
Goal: Test the CAT on a speakers speech rate when asking for assistance.
1.Each participant in the study was analyzed and put into one of two categories, either fast speaking listeners or slow speaking listeners based on a pre-test.
2.Each participant was instructed to rank prerecorded messages for what they felt were the most sincere and closest to their rate of speech.
Tests
1.Found that people perceived themselves to have similar speech rates to the recordings they preferred but in reality that was not the case.
2.The relationship between rate preferences and listeners' interpretations was stronger than between perceived similarity and interpretations.
3.This experiment shows that compliance with requests for help are linked to the relational meaning assigned to the speaker's speech style.
Results