Important Vocabulary for 9th Grade Physical Science

Conductivity Picture

Conductivity

Definition: Physics. the property or power of conducting heat, electricity, or sound.

Electromagnetic wave picture

Gamma Radiation picture

Beta Particle Picture

Gamma Radiation

Definition: A photon of penetrating electromagnetic radiation (gamma radiation) emitted from an atomic nucleus.

Heat capacity

Beta Particle

Definition: The heat required to raise the temperature of a substance one degree.

Definition: An electron or positron emitted from an atomic nucleus in a certain type of radioactive decay.

Electromagnetic Wave

Heat capacity picture

Definition: A wave produced by the acceleration of an electric charge and propagated by the periodic variation of intensities of, usually, perpendicular electric and magnetic fields.

Thermal energy/Internal energy picture

Law of Conservation of Energy Picture

Internal Energy

Thermal Energy

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Law of Conservation of Energy

Thermal energy/Internal energy

Definition: The principle that in a system that does not undergo any force from outside the system, the amount of energy is constant, irrespective of its changes in form.

Important Vocabulary for 9th Grade Physical Science

Definition: In thermodynamics, the internal energy of a system is the energy contained within the system, excluding the kinetic energy of motion of the system as a whole and the potential energy of the system as a whole due to external force fields.In thermodynamics, thermal energy refers to the internal energy present in a system due to its temperature.

Mechanical advantage

Definition: The ratio of output force to the input force applied to a mechanism

Covalent Bond

Definition: The bond formed by the sharing of a pair of electrons by two atoms.

Mechanical Energy picture

Convection

Definition: The transfer of heat by the circulation or movement of the heated parts of a liquid or gas.

Covalent Bond Picture

Decomposition

Law of Conservation of Matter

Definition: the state of being decomposed; decay.

Pitch

Definition: A precise scale will register a change in mass. The energy will appear as heat, which will be lost to the environment so because of the conservation law you will see a loss in the mass.

Definition: Music. to set at a particular pitch, or determine the key or keynote of (a melody).

Convection Picture

Decomposition Picture

Pitch Picture

Permanent Magnet

Definition: a magnet that retains its magnetism after being removed from an external magnetic field.

Solubility Curve

Single Replacement

Law of Conservation of Matter Picture

Definition: Solubility curves, like the one shown here, tell us what mass of solute will dissolve in 100g (or 100mL) of water over a range of temperatures. You'll notice that for most substances, solubility increases as temperature increases.

Definition: A single replacement reaction (sometimes called a single displacement reaction) is a reaction in which an element is substituted for another element in a compound.

Voltage

Permanent Magnet Picture

Definition: Electromotive force or potential difference expressed in volts.

Single Replacement Picture

Solubility Curve Picture

Voltage Picture

Valence Electrons

Representative Elements

Definition: an electron of an atom, located in the outermost shell (valence shell) of the atom, that can be transferred to or shared with another atom.

Definition: The Representative Elements are those elements within the first two families (Groups I and II on the far left) and the last six families or groups (on the right) of the Periodic Table. The Transition Metals are the elements in those Groups within the middle of the Table

Alternating Current

Valence Electrons Picture

Definition:

an electric current that reverses direction at regular intervals, having a magnitude that varies continuously in sinusoidal manner.

Abbreviation: ac.

Representative Elements Picture

Alternating Current Picture

Resistance

Definition: The act or power of resisting, opposing, or withstanding.

Resistance Picture

Electromagnet

Metalloids

Definition: a device consisting of an iron or steel core that is magnetized by electric current in a coil that surrounds it.

Definition: an element that has both metallic and nonmetallic properties, as arsenic, silicon, or boron.

Electromagnet Picture

Velocity

Metalloids Picture

Definition: rapidity of motion or operation; swiftness; speed.

Velocity Picture