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Western Classical Music Ensembles
Voices and Instrument Families
Strings: played by plucking or bowing a metal string to create sound
Woodwinds: made from wood or use a reed to create sound
Brass: made from brass; sound created by "buzzing" into metal mouthpiece
Percussion: sound is created by striking; membranophones, idiophones, metallophones; some tuned, others untuned
Voices: highest is soprano, lowest is bass; vibrations in the muscles and vocal "cords" produce sound
Chamber Ensembles
Chamber Ensembles are small groups of strings, woodwinds, brass or percussion instruments, usually in groups of "like" instruments.
Concert Band/Wind Ensemble
A Concert Band is like an orchestra without any strings and the addition of more brass, woodwind and percussion instruments.
Chorus
A chorus can be made up of many combinations of voices.
A men's choir will feature only the range of male voices. (counter tenor, tenor, baritone, bass)
A women's choir will feature only the range of female voices. (soprano, mezzo-soprano, alto, contralto)
A children's choir consists of children's voices, generally soprano, mezzo-soprano and alto.
A mixed chorus will consist of a combination of male and female voices, often with the addition of children's choir.
Orchestra
String Orchestra (strings only)
Symphony or Philharmonic Orchestra (strings, woodwinds, brass, percussion)