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The Mu‘tazilites & The Ash‘arites

Schools of Islamic Theology

III. Concepts

Ash'arites

  • Concept of free will

  • Concept of divine justice

  • Concept of  God's doing the better and the best for human beings

The Mu'tazilites

III. Five Principles

Ash'arites

The Mu'tazilites

  • Divine Unity

  • Justice

  • Promise of the Reward and Threat of Punishment

  • The Intermediate State

  • Enjoining the Good and Forbidding the Evil

I. Origins

II. Islamic Beliefs

References

  • Reaction against the excessive rationalism of the Mu'tazila.

  • Reason must be subordinate to revelation

Ash'arites

II. Founder

  • They rejected God's attributes

  • Qur'an is not a creation, it is a feature

  • Chose logic over revelation

  • 5 Principles of Belief

Mu'tazilah Islam (2014). Retrieved from: https://global.britannica.com/topic/

Mutazilah

Robinson, N. (1998). Ash'ariyya and Mu'tazila. Retrieved from: http://www.musli

mphilosophy.com/ip/rep/H052.htm#H052SECT3

https://www.al-islam.org/history-muslim-philosophy-volume-1-book-3/chapter-11-asharism

https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/History_of_Islam/The_Mutazilites-Asharites_debate

  • Pupil of Abu 'Ali al-Jubba'I

  • Opposed the Mu'tazila

  •  Rejected reductionist account of the 'attributes of essence'

The Mu'tazilites

Differences Between Mu'tazila and Ash'arites

I. Background

Ash'arites

IV. Popular Scholars

  • The ­conception of God and the nature of His attributes.
  • Freedom of the human will.
  • The criterion of truth and the standard of good and evil.
  • The vision (ru’yah) of God.
  • Createdness of the Qur'an.
  • Possibility of burdening the creatures with impossible tasks.
  • Promise of reward and threat of punishment.
  • The rational or irrational basis of God's actions.
  • Whether God is bound to do what is best for His creatures.
  • Al Ghazali

  • Al Razi

Introduction

  • It was the 1st school of theologoy

  • It was established by Wasel bin Ata'

  • 'i'tazala 'anhom'

  • Also known as "rationalists"

Done By: Kamar Odeh and Mariam Ali

  • The Mu'tazilites and the Ash'arites were two distinct schools of theology

  • They were founded in the time period where Islamic Theology was the talk of the hour

  • Both schools originated in Basra, Iraq in the eight century A.D

  • They had opposing ideas between the world of logic and the world of revelation
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