음악현상의 이해 - 5
Music migration
To America
1920s Charleston
To Live In The 1920's
Scott Joplin - Little Black Baby
B.B. King - Blues Boys Tune
"Call and Response" and the History of Jazz
Preacher Black Harry
“lining out” , “call & response” & “riffs” “ Blues and Ragtime
1770 ~
New Orleans upper class “creoles”, Civil Was, Storyville
New Orleans became part of USA when Louisiana purchase of 1803…
The Original Dixieland White Guys…
1900 ~ 20
Louis Armstrong
Chicago …The Art of Improvisation
The first commercial radio broadcasts took place in 1920 with in a couple years,
There were over 500 stations.
1920s
Duke Ellington
New York … Harlem Renaissance… Swing Swing Swing …
Cotton Club
1920~30s
Charley Parker
Charlie Parker - Summertime
Kansas City’s … Be Bop…Art Music…
40s
Minton’s Playhouse… Fusion
The Birth and Death of Cool … West Coast Jazz…Hard Bop
Miles Davis
50s
Modal Jazz… Free Jazz
Jazz is
60s
Miles Davis - Kind Of Blue (Full Album) (Full HD 1080p)
Fusion ( and confusion )
70s
-- Encyclo-whitebread-pedia Britannica
… Playing what you feel
… a musical form often improvisational, developed by Afro-Americans
and influenced by both European harmonic structure and African rhythmic complexity
-- from the ever cheerful Miles Davis
… a nigger word that white folks dropped on us
-- from “JAZZ The Essential CD Guide” by Martin Gayford
… syncopated music that emerged in America from a tangled mass
of roots in African music plus European classical, tin-pan alley and folk
… a passionate fusion of African, European and American music
Jazzical Terms ...
1920s Chicago
The Art of Improvisation
Lining out : Psalms with a rhythmic beat plus exciting sliding pitch common to frican language…
In British church it was to repeat the precher’s words every couple lines
Call & Response : you say it, I repeat it …African musicians uses for 100 years
Riffs : Short melody or rhythmic phrase that’s repeated between sections in big
band Jazz or the soloists in small group jazz
Blues : The song from central to jazz in the 19th century from a mix of African
field hollers and Christian hymns…
Ragtime : Syncopated European style of piano music that tooks its formal
structure from the march but was played with African rhythmic undertones.
In 1918, Joe “King” Oliver left New Orleans and settled in Chicago, where he formed his famous Creole Band, which became a regular fixture at Lincoln Gardens on Chicago’s South Side.
In 1922, Oliver sent for Louis Armstrong, the gifted young trumpeter he had taught in New Orleans ragtime bands. Armstrong had come a long way in the four years since his mentor had left South.
“Louis Armstrong now had a melodic imagination extending beyond that of his teenage heroes, and one which could not be precisely tracked to Any single influence more explicable than his own genius.”
… from JAZZ by John Fordham
The Jazz Age
The War to End
The Promise of New Life
The Gangsters
The Prohibition Law "speakesis"
1920 - 30s New York
New York’s Harlem Renaissance began
In the 1920s. Black poetry, art, music,
literature, and philosophy flowered.
Harlem nights attracted a huge white
Audience, who travelled through Harlem
like it was East Berlin.
Duke Ellington’s band, first at the
Kentucky Club, then the Cotton Club,
Thrived on a frequently caricatured image
of African life.
Driving Around New York City - 1928
Swing Time - Rogers and Astaire
Swing...
HARLEM RENAISSANCE
Cotton club
Whiteman, George Gershwin
George Gershwin: An American in Paris
Rhapsody in Blue - George Gershwin - New York City
Harlem Renaissance
Duke At The Cotton Club
America's only original art form...
In Jazz's 100 years it's covered pretty much the same ground that is took european classical music 1000 years to do
Jazz
The American Scene
"if you gotta ask, you'll never know." - Louis Armstrong
How did Jazz begin?
It started with ...
African captives dumped into the cotton and tobacco plantqations of the Caribean and the Americas and they determined to keep their own culture alive ...
Civil War
Music and the Patriotic Spirit
There is no exact answer
Louis Armstrong "Dinah" 1933
Live music in New Orleans Street
LOUIS ARMSTROMG - WHAT A WONDERFUL WORLD
"... with the moans and groans of the people in the cotton fields ...
... before it got the name of soul, men were sellin' watermelons and vegetable on a wagon drawn by a mule,
hollerin' watermelonlllon!' with a cry in their voices ...
... and the men on the railroad track layin' crossties - everytime they hit the hammer
it was with a sad feelin, but with a beat ...
... and the Baptist preature - he the one who had the soul - he give out the meter, a long and short meter,
and old mothers of the church would reply
The History of Slavery
Drumline - Last Battle
This musical thing has been here since America been here.
This is trial and tribulation music.
John Philip Sousa
Stephen Foster
... Mahalia Jackson, Time magazine, June 28, 1968
THE BLACK HOLOCAUST PT.1
Shostakovich String Quartet No. 8 in C Minor (II)
New Musical Elements
Webern - Sehr ruhig und zart - op10
. New Rhythmic Complexity : polyrhythm
2. New Melody : instrumental melody
3. New Harmony : polytonality, twelve-tone method
4. Texture : dissonant counterpoint1
5. New form : popular styles ( Blues and early jazz )
2nd World War
Arnold Schonberg(1874-1951)
& Alban berg and Anton Webern
Second Viennese School