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Rules for naming Alkanes & Alcohols
Transcript
Alcohols may be classified as primary, secondary or tertiary.
Other Alkane Stuff
Saturated: All the bonds between carbon atoms are singe bonds
Unsaturated: There are one (or more) double bonds between carbon atoms in a molecule.
Naming Alcohols, the rules!
1. Look at the longest chain alkane (carbon chain)
2. Look at the carbon the -OH group is attached to
-C-C-OH (Ethanol)
Just one more rule...
4. When necessary, indicate which carbon the side branch comes from by counting from the end of the main chain that gives the lowest possible number.
How do we name Alkanes, the rules!
1. Find the longest chain of carbons (it does not have to be straight) The name of this goes at the end of the complete name.
2. Identify any side branches, the name of this goes before the longest chain name.
3. If a side chain occurs more than once, indicate how many times it occurs, the number goes just before the branch name.
di- two
tri- three
tetra- four
They follow Alkanes!
Alcohols have the same first part of the alkanes. You need to remove the '-e' at the end of the alkane name and ad '-ol'. So Methane will become Methanol.
The First 10 Alcohols
- Methanol
- Ethanol
- Propanol
- Butanol
- Pentanol
- Hexanol
- Heptanol
- Octanol
- Nonanol
- Decanol
Alcohols
The first ten Alkanes
- Methane
- Ethane
- Propane
- Butane
- Pentane
- Hexane
- Heptane
- Octane
- Nonane
- Decane
All members of the alcohol series contain the hydroxyl functional group -OH, and show similar chemical properties. They differ only in length and structure of the hydrocarbon chain.
The ether group, all ethers contain the alkoxy functional group -OR and show similar chemical properties
Alcohols all contain
the -OH functional group and their name all ends in -ol
Naming Alkanes & Alcohols
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