RENEWABLE / NONRENEWABLE ENERGY

Nuclear

By

Noor Nader

NONRENEWABLE ENERGY

• DISADVANTAGES

• ADVANTAGES

• Electricity is still needed to operate heat pumps.

• -Fewer installers than standard HVAC and thus less competition.

• Large scale geothermal power plants are dangerous to the Earth’s surface and location-centric.

• Impact on fish, marine mammals and birds

• Environmentally friendly compared to gas or oil furnaces (no combustion).

• Not a significant source of pollution.

• Geothermal energy is a renewable resource as long as the Earth exists.

• No cost fluctuations determined by gas and oil prices.

• DISADVANTAGES

• ADVANTAGES

• Locations are often remote

• -Barrages may restrict access to open water

• -Can change tidal level of surrounding area

• Impact on fish, marine mammals and birds

• -Disrupts regular tidal cycles

• -Decreases salinity in tidal basins

• Renewable. Requires no fuel.

• Emission-free

• Reliable, a plant can last 100 years

• High efficiency

• Predictable output.

• DISADVANTAGES

• ADVANTAGES

• WASTE

• PRODUCTION

• Non-Renewable Source. Though oil energy provides efficient work and is cheap and cost effective, it is a non-renewable source of energy. ...
• Cause of Environmental Pollution. ...
• Hazards of Oil Leaks. ...
• Disasters of Oil Drilling.Electricity is still needed to operate heat pumps.

• -Fewer installers than standard HVAC and thus less competition.

• Easily Accessible and Economical. ...
• Substantial Type of Energy. ...
• Steady and Reliable Energy Source. ...
• Easy to Produce and Refine. ...
• Economic Growth Enhancement. ...
• Essential for Many Industries. ...
• Not a Renewable Source of Energy. ...
• Environmental Pollutant.

IMAGES

-tidal power

-tidal energy.

-hydropower

• INTERESTING FACTS.

Over millions of years, layer after layer of sediment and other plants and bacteria were formed. Stage 2 - As they became buried ever deeper, heat and pressure began to rise. The amount of pressure and the degree of heat, along with the type of biomass, determined if the material became oil or natural gas.

• Waste oil is defined as any petroleum-based or synthetic oil that, through contamination,actually use or has become unsuitable for its original purpose due to the presence of impurities or loss of original properties.

• Coal is made largely of carbon but also features other elements such as hydrogen, oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen.

• Coal starts off as plant matter at the bottom of water. ...

• Different types of coal contain different amounts of carbon.

Biomass

• Other Names

• WHERE FOUND, USED OR STORED

• WASTE

• PRODUCTION

Tidal energy is produced through the use of tidal energy generators. These large underwater turbines are placed in areas with high tidal movements, and are designed to capture the kinetic motion of the ebbing and surging of ocean tides in order to produce electricity.

Tidal

· Wood from natural forests and woodlands

· Forestry plantations

· Forestry residues

· Agricultural residues such as straw, stover, cane trash and green agricultural wastes

· Agro-industrial wastes, such as sugarcane bagasse and rice husk

· Animal wastes

· Industrial wastes, such as black liquor from paper manufacturing

· Sewage

· Municipal solid wastes (MSW)

· Food processing wastes

-Tidal power

-tidal energy

- hydropower

Tidal stream generators are very similar to wind turbines except their below the water surface instead of above or on land. The turbine and generator converts the movement of water coming from change in tide, the kinetic energy, into electricity

Coal

Oil

• ADVANTAGES

• DISADVANTAGES

• Biofuels are a renewable energy source in that they are created from plants that can be regrown each year..
• biofuels can help reduce the dependence on foreign oils, which fluctuate in price rapidly. Biofuels may help to buffer against the change.
• Some consider the use of biofuels as carbon neutral since the carbon produced when burning them is offset by the carbon consumed by the plants they came from.

• One of the main detractors to the use of biofuels is that setting aside land for biofuel crops means less land for food production.

• Some foreign countries have said that it is unethical to use crops for biofuel when global hunger is an ever present problem.

IMAGES

• Other Names

• WHERE FOUND, USED OR STORED

-tidal power

-tidal energy.

-hydropower

• Other Names

• WHERE FOUND, USED OR STORED

-biofuels .

-Biodiesel .

- organic fuel .

• INTERESTING FACTS.

The most widely recognized biofuel is likely corn or sugar based ethanol. This is created through the fermentation of plant products. Biodiesel is another form of biofuel that is made from vegetable oils, animal fats, or recycled greases. It is produced from oils or fats through a process called transesterification. The Internation Energy Agency predicts that biofuels have the potential to meet more than a quarter of world demand for transportation.

• WASTE

• PRODUCTION

• Oil is measured in barrels, which is equal to 42 US gallons or 159 liters.
• The US has the 10th largest oil reserve in the world. Venezuela has the largest, with 298.35 billion barrels compared to the US’ 33 billion barrels.
• The US consumes more oil than any other country -- 1.85 billion barrels per day.

any neutral, nonpolar chemical substance that is a viscous liquid at ambient temperatures and is both hydrophobic (immiscible with water, literally "water fearing") and lipophilic (miscible with other oils, literally "fat loving"). Oils have a high carbon and hydrogen content and are usually flammable and surface active

Oil is used for transportation fuels, fuel oils for heating and electricity generation, asphalt and road oil. Some of the more obvious petroleum products include transportation fuels, fuel oils for heating and electricity generation, asphalt and road oil.

IMAGES

• WASTE

· Wood from natural forests and woodlands

· Forestry plantations

· Forestry residues

· Agricultural residues such as straw, stover, cane trash and green agricultural wastes

· Agro-industrial wastes, such as sugarcane bagasse and rice husk

· Animal wastes

· Industrial wastes, such as black liquor from paper manufacturing

· Sewage

· Municipal solid wastes (MSW)

· Food processing wastes

The term biofuels refers to a wide range of fuels which are in some way derived from biomass, organic matter. In today's society they are gaining increased public and scientific attention due to rising gas and oil prices. The most widely recognized biofuel is likely corn or sugar based ethanol. This is created through the fermentation of plant products

• PRODUCTION

• INTERESTING FACTS.

IMAGES

• Before burning, coal is crushed and washed, creating waste water filled with toxins. Another form of liquid coal waste is acidic mine runoff. Both forms of liquid coal waste are disposed of in a landfill at the mine site. Each year coal preparation creates waste water containing an estimated 13 tons of mercury, 3236 tons of arsenic

The energy in coal comes from energy that was stored in giant plants that lived hundreds of millions of years ago in swamp forests, even before the dinosaurs! When these giant plants and ferns died, they formed layers at the bottom of the swamps. Water and dirt began to pile up on top of the dead plant remains.

• INTERESTING FACTS.

• Renewable. Requires no fuel.

• Emission-free

• Reliable, a plant can last 100 years

• High efficiency

• Predictable output

• Bioenergy expected to make up more than half of EU renewable energy in 2020.

• Using biomass to produce electricity is currently more expensive than using energy sources such as coal, gas or nuclear power.

• iomass can be converted into a stable and reliable supply of electricity and heat.

• By using biomass in power production instead of fossil fuels, CO2 emissions are significantly reduced.

• DISADVANTAGES

• ADVANTAGES

• Coal is nonrenewable. ...
• Coal contains the most CO2 per BTU, the largest contributor to global warming.
• Severe environmental, social and health and safety impacts of coal mining.
• Devastation of environment around coal mines.
• High cost of transporting coal to centralized power plants.

• Abundant supply, concentrated in industrialized countries (US, Russia, China, India).
• Relatively inexpensive.
• Continuous power. Good utilization. High load factor.
• Substantial existing infrastructure. Mature industry.
• Can be made low carbon and clean with CCS and various scrubbers.
• Can be converted to a liquid or a gas, which burn cleaner.

• Other Names

• WHERE FOUND, USED OR STORED

Coal has many important uses worldwide. The most significant uses of coal are in electricity generation, steel production, cement manufacturing and as a liquid fuel. Steam coal - also known as thermal coal - is mainly used in power generation

- Peat1

Lignite.

-Sub-bituminous coal.

-Bituminous coal.

-Anthracite.

-Graphite1

RENEWABLE ENERGY

IMAGES

-tidal power

-tidal energy.

-hydropower

• INTERESTING FACTS.

• Geothermal energy is made inside the Earth.

• The world geothermal comes from Greek words meaning 'Earth' (geo) and 'heat' (thermos).

• The technology behind geothermal electricity generation has improved substantially but it still only provides a fraction of world electricity generation.

• WASTE

• PRODUCTION

Geothermal energy is the heat from the Earth. It's clean and sustainable. Resources of geothermal energy range from the shallow ground to hot water and hot rock found a few miles beneath the Earth's surface, and down even deeper to the extremely high temperatures of molten rock called magma

• In addition to dissolved gases, hot water from geothermal sources may hold in solution trace amounts of toxic elements such as mercury, arsenic, boron, and antimony

• Direct geothermal heating systems contain pumps and compressors, which may consume energy from a polluting source.

• Plant construction can adversely affect land stability.

Geothermal

• WASTE

• PRODUCTION

Hydroelectric power is electricity generated by hydropower. Hydropower is harnessed through the gravitational force of falling or flowing water.

the change in the pattern of silt flow and nutrients . Long-term damage to ecosystems and fisheries has been a documented byproduct of a number of major hydroelectric projects.

Physical waste would also include scrap and other waste materials produced for the construction and maintenance of the facility.

• Other Names

• WHERE FOUND, USED OR STORED

- heat energy

-energy that determines the temperature of matter.

- energy of natural disasters

Tidal stream generators are very similar to wind turbines except their below the water surface instead of above or on land. The turbine and generator converts the movement of water coming from change in tide, the kinetic energy, into electricity

Hydroelectric

• DISADVANTAGES

• ADVANTAGES

• Hydroelectricity does not "use" water, all of the water is returned to its source of origin

• Hydroelectric power can be created 24/7.

• Dams constructed can also shut their gates and conserve the water for use when power is in higher demand.

-hydroelectric plants are very expensive to build.

- The creation of dams can also create flooding of land.

-This can create controversy in places where neighboring countries share a water supply.

• WHERE FOUND, USED OR STORED

• Other Names

- hydropower.

- electricity produced.

-water Energy.

• On the river and where water flow can be found.

• The electricity is typically created when the water is passed over large mechanical turbines, the water pressure forces the turbines to turn, the mechanical energy created is then converted into electricity..

• Dams.

IMAGES

• INTERESTING FACTS.

• The oldest hydroelectric plant is Cragside in Rothbury, England
• The largest hydroelectric plant is La Grande in Quebec, Canada
• The first hydroelectric plant in the United States opened Sept. 30, 1882 on the Fox River near Appleton, Wisconsin

• WASTE

• PRODUCTION

• cause water pollution by being mixed with the water.

• the process of getting it out from the earth cause the destruction of the soil layers.

• it burning int the atmosphere cause increase in the greenhouse gasses

Over millions of years, layer after layer of sediment and other plants and bacteria were formed. Stage 2 - As they became buried ever deeper, heat and pressure began to rise. The amount of pressure and the degree of heat, along with the type of biomass, determined if the material became oil or natural gas.

Natural Gas

• WASTE

• PRODUCTION

Wind turbines when isolated from the electric grid produce negligible amounts of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, mercury and radioactive waste when in operation, unlike fossil fuel sources and nuclear energy station fuel production, respectively.

Wind power is the conversion of wind into electricity. The most common form of wind power generation uses wind turbines, which can be built at varying sizes to create varying amounts of electricity

IMAGES

• INTERESTING FACTS.

• California also dominates the solar power market, with a market share of 44% in 2015.

• There are now nine states in the U.S. where 100% of new electrical energy comes from solar power.

• NASA is currently working on a solar-powered aircraft.

• WASTE

• PRODUCTION

Solar power ise nergy from the sun that is converted into thermal or electrical energy.

Solar energy is the cleanest and most abundant renewable energy source available.

Solar

Wind

• Other Names

• WHERE FOUND, USED OR STORED

• DISADVANTAGES

• ADVANTAGES

• crude oil

• fossil fuel

• kerosene

• gasoline

• Highly Inflammable

• Greenhouse Gas Emissions

• Non-Sustainable

• Not Easy to Use

• . Expensive Pipelines

• Produces Less Soot.

• Abundant Supply

• Infrastructure in Place

• Cheaper.

• Transportation

• ADVANTAGES

• DISADVANTAGES

Natural gas is a fossil fuel used as a source of energy for heating, cooking, and electricity generation. It is also used as fuel for vehicles and as a chemical feedstock in the manufacture of plastics and other commercially important organic chemicals.

• although a direct large loss of life would not likely be evident due to a nuclear meltdown, the land many miles surrounding the plant would be uninhabitable for several decades.

• nuclear fuel also requires machinery to mine and transport which ultimately means that nuclear power does produce some greenhouse gases.

• Nuclear power plants are also very expensive to build.

• nuclear energy can be a very useful and powerful source of easing dependence on fossil fuels..

• Nuclear power plants also produce no greenhouse gas emissions after they are up and running.

• Nuclear energy reduces the dependence on foreign oil and natural gas.

• he running costs of nuclear plants are also very low due to the fact that a very small amount of uranium produces a very large amount of energy.

IMAGES

• WASTE

• PRODUCTION

• INTERESTING FACTS.

In terms of radioactivity, high-level waste (HLW) is the major issue arising from the use of nuclear reactors to generate electricity. Highly radioactive fission products and also transuranic elements are produced from uranium and plutonium during reactor operations and are contained within the used fuel.

• Nuclear power plants are also very expensive to build..

• Worldwide, there are over 400 commercial nuclear reactors producing energy for 31 countries.

• The 104 nuclear power plants in the US are neighbors to over 3 million people, all who live within 10 miles of them.
• Every year and a half to two years, every nuclear plant goes through a cleaning cycle that shuts down the plant to allow for the removal of radioactive waste.

Nuclear power is the use of sustained nuclear fission to generate heat, which in nuclear power plants, is used to heat water and fuel steam powered generators of electricity.

IMAGES

• DISADVANTAGES

• ADVANTAGES

-tidal power

-tidal energy.

-hydropower

IMAGES

• Other Names

• WHERE FOUND, USED OR STORED

• INTERESTING FACTS.

- cold fusion.

-fast-breeder reactor.

- nuclear fusion.

• Most nuclear fuel is stored in steel-lined, concrete pools filled with water, as stated by the Nuclear Energy Institute.

• Nuclear power was developed during World War II, and it was initially sought after for the production of bombs.

• Around the United States, designated nuclear sites have been built to store nuclear energy and waste

• Wind energy is another completely clean energy source on the basis of greenhouse gas emission.

• Wind turbines can also be placed in a wide variety of locations.

• Wind turbines are also becoming appealing at the individual level for several reasons.

• Wind power involves turning energy from the wind into other forms of useful energy.

• Wind power can be harnessed in a number of different ways.

• Windmills have been around for a long time, they were used in Persia (Iran) as far back as 200 B.C.

• Like many alternative energies, wind power is not always generated. Wind turbines fall mercy to local wind patterns.

• Some people have very negative feelings towards wind turbines. They can be very noisy at peak power. Some people also think they are very unsightly in a countryside or generally ugly.

• in heavily populated areas, a very large amount of wind turbines may be necessary as a sole energy resource.

• Natural gas was formed deep under the earth about 100 million years ago.

• There are more than 2.1 million miles of underground gas pipelines across the United States.

• More than half of all the homes in the United States use natural gas - almost 62 million families.

• WHERE FOUND, USED OR STORED

• Other Names

-Solar Thermal Energy.

-Photovoltaic Energy.

-Heat Energy.

Modern technology can harness this energy for a variety of uses, including generating electricity, providing light or a comfortable interior environment, and heating water for domestic, commercial, or industrial use.

It can be stored in solar panales.

• DISADVANTAGES

• ADVANTAGES

• Other Names

• WHERE FOUND, USED OR STORED

- wind turbine.

-Windmills .

- form of solar energy..

• Wind turbines, like windmills, are mounted on a tower to capture the most energy.
• A blade acts much like an airplane wing..
• wind turbeans are buildin area with high wind or in the ocean.
• they can be connected to a utility power grid or even combined with a photovoltaic (solar cell) system.

• solar power is that it obviously cannot be created during the night

• The power generated is also reduced during times of cloud cover

• Solar panel energy output is maximized when the panel is directly facing the sun.

• Even todays most efficient solar cells only convert just over 20% of the suns rays to electricity.

• The use of skylights in home.

• Solar panels also require little maintenancethey.

• Do not require any type of mechanical parts that can fail.

• Solar panels are also a silent producer of energy.

• Sustainable for energy consumption