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Yuki Native Americans
5
The Yuki People
Sources
http://books.google.com/books?id=cgyxvOa8LjYC&pg=PA282&lpg=PA282&dq=yuki+indians+dress&source=bl&ots=mSyh_PrY5s&sig=9UUnEo3z_CZ3p_L2eIpTudKeLw8&hl=en&sa=X&ei=iFReUIW-E4PDigKDxYCYBg&ved=0CF0Q6AEwCw#v=onepage&q&f=false 9/22/12
http://www.ehow.com/info_8457002_did-california-make-homes-out.html 9/22/12
http://www.enotes.com/yuki-northern-california-reference/yuki-northern-california 9/22/12
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuki_people 9/21/12
Yuki People
The Yuki are a Native American people from the area of Round Valley, in what today is part of the territory of Mendocino County, Northern California. Yuki tribes are thought to have settled as far south as Hood Mountain known today as Sonoma County. In their own language, the Yuki call themselves the autonym Ukomno'm (Valley People).
European Americans learned and adopted the name Yuki from the their neighbors and competitors, the Nomlaki, who called them "enemy" in Wintu language. Yuki was an exonym, a name by another group. European Americans learned of the Yuki from the Nomlaki circa 1850.
Clothing
Woman's Basic Dress: Woman wore a fringed double-apron skirt, usually of deerskin. Often decorated the front fringe with shells and pine nuts.
Men's Basic Dress: Men generally wore nothing If anything was worn it was a deerskin to cover the lower body.
Housing
Bark Houses: Using Redwood trees, the Yuki built conical houses of slabs of wood and bark supported by poles. They would dig a hole and use the dirt as a barrier to keep out water.
Grass Houses: The Yuki built L-shaped houses made from grass. They would sometimes make temporally brush houses when they were gone.
Rush houses: The Yuki built elliptical houses thatched with tule rush, which is a wetland plant found in the Clear Lake area. Tule rush was used for many things like clothing, beds baskets and boats.
Yuki People Today
In 2003 less than 100 people claimed to be descended from the Yuki tribe. Of those fewer than 12 still speak the native language.
History
Unlike most Californian people the Yuki were aggressive and attacked other nearby native people on several occasions. As settlers from European American began to come to Northern California in the early 1850s, they drove the Yuki from their lands. The Yuki people suffered deaths in raids by the local ranchers and the authorities, and captives were taken into slavery.
In 1856, the US government established the Indian reservation of Nome Cult Farm ( which later became Round Valley Indian Reservation) at Round Valley. It forced thousands of Yuki people and other local tribes on to these lands, often without enough support for them to move. These events and problems led to the Mendocino War (1859), where US forces killed hundreds of Yuki and took others by force to Nome Cult Farm.
Food
The Yuki people were hunters, fisherman, and gatherers. They fished for salmon hunted for deer and gathered acorns and wild plants.