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It was probably the Bible printed in
Germany by Johannes Gutenberg in 1440.
Would the written word threaten oral public discussion and vigorous debate as Socrates feared? People would not have to remember information from memory and thereby weaken their minds! Also, what would happen if the common folk could read the Bible and other things for themselves?
Be sure to check out the effects of the Reformation in your textbook.
Socrates used public dialogues and debates to
communicate ideas. He was concerned that
writing would weaken people's minds. Can you imagine why? (Some hints come later.)
Tribal story tellers, poets, singers, and teachers pass
knowledge over the generations by word of mouth.
This includes folklore, myths, songs, and stories.
Has your family passed on any stories orally to the next generation? ( If not, maybe you should try it an your next gathering.)
The telegraph (developed in 1840s) transmits messages instantaneously over a wire. Information can be bought and sold as a commodity. Imagine the implications for military, political, and commercial enterprises.
This is cool. Type in a message to see and hear it in Morse Code.
http://morsecode.scphillips.com/jtranslator.html
The transatlantic cable (1860s) was laid across the floor of the Atlantic. Information can now be received without waiting on a ship to arrive.
The wireless telegraph (later named radio) was another milestone. Imagine the lonely wireless operator who is accustomed to only hearing Morris Code suddenly hears a voice in his earphones! Could it be God talking? (Soon you'll learn what the first voiced message transmitted by wireless was.)
Film, television, and cell phones also usher in the electronic era.
Use the 5 step Media Literacy Process (used throughout your textbook) to analyze what's Postmodern about this advertisement...
or this music video/advertisement...
or feel free to apply the 5 steps to your own Postmodernist example of media. (Just be sure to record the link to your example so we all can see.)
Questions to help you get started are listed under week 1 discussion/collaboration.
Lady Gaga, revered artist
Modern architecture using classical element in unexpected way
Andy Warhol's pop art
a formal t-shirt
Mickey's bedroom
John Travolta in Hairspray
1. Media content merges across various platforms changing the way we consume media (e.g., news is found not just in newspapers, but also on Facebook, Twitter, MSNBC, or wherever through computers, smartphones, smart TVs, and tablets).
2. A business model where various media holdings are consolidated under one corporate umbrella (e.g., Disney has holdings in film, TV, music, theme parks, cruise lines, etc.)
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Digital information is encoded using electronic signals (on or off) that are represented as zeros or ones (binary system). These are then decoded into pictures, text, voice, music, etc.
Here's a cool translator where you can type in a message to be encoded using the binary system.
http://www.convertbinary.com/
We'll study much more about the personal and cultural effects of constantly being connected everywhere we go.
Examine the evolution of the alphabet from Egyptian to Phoenician to Greek to Latin. Click on this link to explore. http://ixoloxi.com/alphabet/heb2grk.html
So, what was the first mass produced book?
Early written communication served the ruling classes. Working people were largely illiterate.
CONTROVERSY!