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Romans 11:5-7

5 So too, at the present time there is a remnant chosen by grace. 6 And if by grace, then it cannot be based on works; if it were, grace would no longer be grace.

7 What then? What the people of Israel sought so earnestly they did not obtain. The elect among them did, but the others were hardened.

Ephesians 1:3-12

Isaiah 30:1

Key Figures

“Woe to the obstinate children,”

declares the Lord,

“to those who carry out plans that are not mine,

forming an alliance, but not by my Spirit,

heaping sin upon sin;

Historical Background

Predestination:

  • Pre-reformation
  • Reformation
  • Calvinism

3 Praise be to the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, who has blessed us in the heavenly realms with every spiritual blessing in Christ. 4 For he chose us in him before the creation of the world to be holy and blameless in his sight. In love 5 he predestined us for adoption to sonship through Jesus Christ, in accordance with his pleasure and will— 6 to the praise of his glorious grace, which he has freely given us in the One he loves. 7 In him we have redemption through his blood, the forgiveness of sins, in accordance with the riches of God’s grace 8 that he lavished on us. With all wisdom and understanding, 9 he made known to us the mystery of his will according to his good pleasure, which he purposed in Christ, 10 to be put into effect when the times reach their fulfillment—to bring unity to all things in heaven and on earth under Christ.

11 In him we were also chosen, having been predestined according to the plan of him who works out everything in conformity with the purpose of his will, 12 in order that we, who were the first to put our hope in Christ, might be for the praise of his glory.

  • Augustine (354-430) and Pelagius (360 – 418)
  • Anselm of Canterbury (1033-1109)
  • Thomas Aquinas (1225-1274)
  • John Calvin (1509-1564) and Jacobus Arminius (1560-1609)

Matthew 23:37

Jerusalem, Jerusalem, the city that kills the prophets and stones those who are sent to it! How often I have desired to gather your children together as a hen gathers her brood under her wings, and you were not willing!

Free Will

Predestination

Denominational Beliefs

The power of acting without the constraint of necessity or fate; the ability to act at one's own discretion.

  • Eastern Orthodoxy
  • Roman Catholicism
  • Lutheranism
  • Calvinism
  • Arminianism
  • Reformed/Presbyterian
  • Anglican
  • Methodist
  • Baptist
  • Islam
  • Judaism
  • LDS

All events have been willed by God, usually with reference to the eventual fate of the individual soul.

Video on Free Will

Predestination and Free Will

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