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Implementation in Other Countries

  • High obesity rates are prevalent across many Pacific island populations.
  • Nauru, the Cook Islands, and Tonga over 90%!
  • Foreign Occupation's Impact
  • Drastic change in diet.
  • More sedentary lifestyle.
  • Cultural view of obesity.

Fasting

Health Education

Research

How it works

Benefits

  • Laron Syndrome
  • Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1)
  • Weight loss
  • Reduction in risk of cancer with cell repair
  • Allows the pancreas to rest making it more sensitive to the bodies own insulin
  • Reduction in risk of obesity, diabetes, heart disease, mental health and sense of well-being
  • Dr. Michael Mosley- The FastDiet
  • The Science of Going Without
  • Fasting isn't detrimental to health
  • Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Systems
  • improve risks for CAD, stroke, BP, brain function
  • Cardio Protection in Obese Adults
  • prevention of CAD, increase adherence of health behavior, cholesterol ,decreased body weight, change in plasma lipids, BP, HR
  • Fasting in Adolescents with Diabetes
  • Adults with T1 and T2, and children older than 11

Solution

Disparities in health curriculum

http://whyfiles.org/tag/laron-syndrome/

Implementing

Current Health education curriculum for schools in Palau

  • All Palau High School students must take one health class over their four years
  • Introduction to anatomy and physiology, communication in health, math for health careers, community health
  • According to a survey done by the CDC the plan does not suffice
  • Physical education classes exist, but have a lack of enforcement
  • Public vs private schools
  • Require two mandatory courses. First, a general health education course. Second, an elective of their existing courses
  • Australia's system where students will "buy in" in addition to their current course
  • More uniform system in private schools
  • Mandatory PE classes
  • Food delivery being important for diet
  • Sample group:
  • 2,000 = 10% of the population.
  • Funding for this controlled experiment.
  • Ultimately, cost reduction.
  • See how well it works for this population
  • Personal testimonies
  • Local media
  • Radio
  • Commercials
  • Population of 20,000, word spreads fast!

Australia

Life Education

  • Health education provider for children ages 5-13
  • Curriculum based lessons for a positive future
  • Healthy eating, physical activity, drug use, personal safety, relationships
  • Interactive and collaborative learning
  • Healthy Harold the giraffe

Effective Solutions

We want our solutions to be culturally sensitive and relative while at the same time being effective!

1. Improve health education in Palau, especially in private schools.

2. Encourage fasting twice a week.

Data Results

  • Youth obesity rate 33%.
  • Dividing the data set.
  • Weighted BMI: 19.9 for a 10.5 year old.

Health Problem: Obesity

Background

What is BMI?

Risk factors for high BMIs

  • Indirect measurement of body composition.
  • Calculated by weight (lbs) divided by height (ft^2) * 703.
  • Standards vary between age and gender.
  • The risk for noncommunicable diseases increases, with the increase in BMI.
  • High blood pressure
  • High cholesterol
  • Cardiovascular disease
  • Type II diabetes
  • Joint problems
  • Poor self-esteem
  • Depression
  • Population: 20,000
  • Modernization and western influence has severely effected Palauan health nationwide.
  • Poor diets and sedentary lifestyles.
  • Fishing --> imported processed foods.
  • Strong awareness of NCDs.
  • Local media such as radio have been strong in creating awareness.
  • Problem is Palauans don't know how to avoid!

Abstract

References

Conclusion

Palau is ranked the 7th most overweight country in the world. Obesity is a major problem especially among school-aged children. We used the school data report in order to identify age-related BMIs. We will propose two solutions to help this problem.

  • Obesity is obviously a major problem in Palau.
  • One single solution will not suffice to fix this epidemic.
  • There are current tools in effect to help this health problem, but there is slow progress.
  • Public school physical education
  • Promotion of gardening
  • Awareness through local media
  • Diet and Health Education are two critical factors in improving BMI levels and ultimately lowering the rates of NCDs.
  • Obesity is a health problem across Pacific islands. Our solutions would be appropriate to implement in these areas as well.

Bedowra, Zabeen. "Fasting during Ramadan in Adolescents with Diabetes." Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism 18.1 (2014): 44-47. Academic Search Complete. Web. 20 June 2014.

Collier, Roger. "Intermittent Fasting: The Science of Going without." Canadian Medical Association Journal 185.9 (2013): E363-364. Academic Search Complete. Web. 19 June 2014.

"Harold TV - May 2014." Life Education. N.p., May 2014. Web. 22 June 2014.

Mattson, M., and R. Wan. "Beneficial Effects of Intermittent Fasting and Caloric Restriction on the Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Systems." The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry 16.3 (2005): 129-37. Academic Search Complete. Web. 19 June 2014.

Morris, Chad. Class Lecture. Global Health Disparities. Roanoke College, Salem, Va. 17

June, 2014

Mosley, Michael, Dr., and Mimi Spencer. The Fast Diet: Lose Weight, Stay Healthy, and Live Longer with the Simple Secret of Intermittent Fasting. New York, NY: Atria, 2013. Print.

Nishiyama, Takaaki. “Nauru: An Island Plagues by Obesity and Diabetes.” The Asahi Shimbun GLOBE. Web. 27 May 2012.

"School Based Activity Curriculum." Palau High School. Ministry of Education, 2012. Web. 23 June 2014.

"The Obesity Epidemic and Palau Students." Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

N.p., 2010. Web. 22 June 2014.

Varady, Krista A. "Short-term Modified Alternate-Day Fasting: A Novel Dietary Strategy for Weight Loss and Cardio Protection in Obese Adults." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 90.5 (2009): 1138-143. Academic Search Complete. Web. 20 June 2014.

World Health Organization. “Pacific islanders pay heavy price for abandoning traditional diet.” Bulletin of the World Health Organization 88-7 (2010): 481- 560. Web. July 2010

Background

Solutions

Health Problem: Obesity

- How did BMIs increase so much?

- Where they've been

- What's going on currently.

  • 2 Solutions:
  • Health Education
  • -Fasting
  • Other Countries
  • Where/how these solutions could be implemented else where.

Obesity in Palau

By: Christina DeRito, AnneMarie Elliott, Robert Horn, Lilly Judge and Dylan Torey

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