How Japanese loanwords present in Hong Kong advertisements?

What is loanword?

Definition of loanwords

Definition 1

A word with a given lexical meaning would be borrowed from one language into another

Haspelmath, M., & Tadmor, U. (Eds.). (2009). Loanwords in the world's languages: a comparative handbook. Walter de Gruyter.

Defintion 2

Loanword is the phenomenon of borrowing, or the use of a lexical item in language A by the speakers of language B

Hall-Lew, L. A. (2002). English Loanwords in Mandarin Chinese (Doctoral dissertation, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA).

Language contact between Chinese and Japanese: a historical perspective

Types of loanword

From Japanese writing system

From modern Chinese history

5th - 6th century:

Kanji

• No writing system before
• Kanji imported from China to Japan
• Adopting meanings
• Kun-reading
• E.g.

Inflow of Japanese loanwords into China

7th century:

man-yoo-gana

• Students to Japan
• After China's defeat in First Sino-Japanese war
• By Qing government to learn western technology
• Translating large amount of Japanese books into Chinese

• Using Chinese to mark Japanese sounds
• Purely phonetic
• Pronunciation slightly varies with variations in time and place
• E.g. for /a/; for /i/

• Leaders of the Hundred Days’ Reform

fleeting to Japan

• Kang Youwei, Liang Qichao
• Publication of QingYiBao

and Xinmin Congbao in Japan

• Later inflowed and spread into China
• Frequent use of Japanese loanwords
• Japanese teaching in China

Inflow of Japanese loanwords into China

10th century:

hiragana & katakana

• Phonetic symbols
• Simplified man-yoo-gana
• Hiragana : grammatical use
• Katakana : foreign names, loanwords
• E.g.

Outflow of Chinese loanwords to Japan

• Limited obstacles in importing Chinese translated western publications
• Inflow of Chinese translated western publications
• Major source to learn western knowledge

• Western missionaries and publications into China and Japan
• Brings western knowledge
• Straight control on import of western publications in Japan

Type 2

Type 1

7th century:

Yamato words

‘Transliterated’ loan word

Calques (a French word for “copy,” also called ‘translations’ or ‘loanshifts’)

• Japanese-created kanji
• Structures learnt from Chinese kanji
• Some only used by Japanese, some also commonly used as loanwords
• E.g.

• Development of on-reading for Chinese kanji
• More commonly used in modern Japanese language
• Sounds less similar to Chinese
• E.g.

Example

Chinese baibai is basically identical to English “bye-bye” and is used in the same contexts

Chinese yaogun can be translated [“shake” + “stone”] with the meaning of the English-based “Rock’n’Roll” music style.

Inflow of Japanese into Hong Kong

Common Loanwords

In advertisement

Photo retrieved from http://img.jetsoguide.com/jetso/201407/b2f3ec4b731547ada9ed42a713094cf3.jpg

Japanese Pop Culture

Photo retrieved from http://img.jetsoguide.com/jetso/201212/e735577117ea4d7f840b47b5a55a7d18.jpg

• In the 1980s, Japanese pop culture was getting popular among local young people.
• Singer: Seiko Matsuda
• Drama: Tokyo Love Story

Photo retrieved from http://www.ylda.org.hk/Chi/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/POSTER-RGB-01.jpg

Photo retrieved from http://www.cciv.cityu.edu.hk/exhibition/jingdezhen/poster.png

Photo retrieved from http://www.hockey.org.hk/images/PnD%20Section/SportAllDay_2014_final.jpg

Photo retrieved from http://upload.lsforum.net/users/public/g31190aa224.jpg

In TV commercials

Japanese Department Stores

Which words are borrowed from Japanese?

• Sprang up in Hong Kong during the 1980s
• For instance, Sogo, Jusco and Daimaru
• Introduced Japanese lifestyle and wordings to citizens

• New concepts and products from Japan were introduced
• Japan words were needed to identify them
• Some words could be borrowed directly

From Japanese

Not from Japanese

Reference

• A study of loanwords recently re-borrowed from Japanese in Hong Kong Cantonese. (2006, January 1). Retrieved February 5, 2015, from http://hub.hku.hk/bitstream/10722/51834/6/FullText.pdf?accept=1
• Hall-Lew, L. A. (2002). English Loanwords in Mandarin dissertation, UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA).
• Haspelmath, M., & Tadmor, U. (Eds.). (2009). Loanwords in the world's languages: a comparative handbook. Walter de Gruyter.
• Kindaichi, H. (1998). The Japanese Language. Singapore: Charles E. Tuttle Publishing Company
• Xiong, W. H. & Song, X. M. (2006). The Studies of Chinese Loanwords from Japanese. In Journal of Liuzhou Vocational & Technical College,6(4). Retrieved February 5, 2015 from http://gb.oversea.cnki.net.ezproxy.lb.polyu.edu.hk/kcms/download.aspx?filename=HhzTD92coh2TJZkeqx0NsJ1SqF3bqNXdltSN3oUMwd0UMVWbzMXdW9GUJdVYnhEdkZlM39UdQF2cNZGcrp0VORFcGlTOVJUQB10TMx2ZxY2QKFHML5EbCNjS1IXVsxGV65URJFXTQdlaO90NBNFT6lHWMNVW5RXU&tablename=CJFD2006&dflag=pdfdow
• Xiu, G. (2011). Transplantation and transfiguration : Studies of the inflüence of loanwords on Chinese language and culture (First ed.). Tianjin.
• Zhou, L. (2009). Japanese Loanwords in Chinese New Words. In Economic Research Guide(11). Retrieved February 5, 2015 from http://gb.oversea.cnki.net.ezproxy.lb.polyu.edu.hk/kcms/download.aspx?filename=IpXRDlDRxIkWCljaTF2KPtWTC1EUDJ3YEBzLShmMzM3TvRVasVEN1MHUJl2Mv5UO6lHdYRERkFkbNREUXNlQMlDZY1kQEZDbrBHUhF1aZR0RwNle0QlWiVnb3dUYIhlRPl0didWRkV3c440NP52bpJHV4YlSspHd&tablename=CJFD2009&dflag=pdfdow

How Japanese loanwords present in Hong Kong advertisements?

Outline

1. Definition and types of loanwords

2. Language contact between Chinese and Japanese: a

historical perspective

3. Inflow of Japanese into Hong Kong:

a. The situation of Japanese in Hong Kong

b. The reason of this situation forms

4. Common loanwords:

From posters and TV commercials

Group members: Hung Pui Lee Kathy 14102497d

Jiang Jingyi Jenny 14111499d

Ju Minchen Diana 14110014d

Ko Tsz Wing Natalie 14087557d

Lam Hiu Ching Anthea 14122083d