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Honolulu Volcanic Series

  • The rejuvenation stage of Koolau volcano
  • Vents scattered throughout southeast end of Koolau
  • The most recent rejuvenation is the Koko Rift

Adapted from Macdonald et al., 1983.

Koko Rift

Hanauma Bay

Rejuvenation Stage Volcanism

  • Extends from Manana, past Hanauma Bay, and continues offshore
  • Eruptions were violent, and took place offshore
  • 40,000 - 50,000 year old vents

Photo by, L. Spencer.

  • Occurs after the shield building stages of Hawaiian volcanoes
  • Associated with Pele's travels across the island chain
  • Two models to explain the process
  • "Curved" or "hand-wrestling" bay
  • Tuff cone
  • Coral reef formed after wall collapse

Photo by, S. Rowland.

Melting away from the hot spot

Mantle Plume Model

The 9 Life Stages

of Hawaiian Volcanoes

Drawing by, B. Taylor, SOEST.

(Bianco et al., 2005)

Life Stages of a

Hawaiian Volcano

  • Some volcanoes skip steps
  • Others stay in a particular one for a long time
  • Or for only a brief period

Hot "spot" as a hot "column"

The Hawaiian Hot Spot

  • Hot spot - an upward-moving cylinder of solid mantle material
  • Lots of melting in the center (very hot)
  • Not as much melting on the outside (cooler)
  • The Pacific Plate moves over the top of the hot spot
  • Hot spot gets stretched

Drawing by, S. Rowland.

Geology of Hanauma Bay

Presented by, Kahua A'o: A Learning Foundation

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