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Creation,Expansion & Interaction of Economic Systems
With involvement in global trades like the silver trade, the French economy boomed. By the mid 1700’s, the French had developed their own form of coinage and created the French East India Company. New industries formed, like tapestry, sugar trade, and marble work, an new labor systems, particularly the slave trade formed.
During this period, France traveled across the Atlantic, colonizing and trading with people in North America and the Caribbean. French power increased, as did their influence and interactions with the outside world.
During this period, social classes changed with the introduction of new peoples. French kings had absolute power, and social classes were generally determined by land and wealth accumulation. Patriarchy continued strongly, but some women did gain influence. New racial prejudices and social classes formed, as the French interacted with native people in the Americas and slaves.
The above is the French ship Couronne (1636). It was the first major warship to built completely by French shipbuilders, and one of the most advanced at the time. It signified a reliance on maritime activity, as that was where a significant amount trade and economic growth occurred during this time, particularly considering that two major global trades - silver and slave trade - were based on resources that were primarily accessed through Atlantic Ocean travel.
These pages from the journal of French Engineering Officer, Lxx Dxx, show the wildlife encountered by the French upon entering Louisiana. French officers noted the unfamiliar animals, showing that their interactions with conquered or trading territories taught the French about new lands and opened them up to new, unfamiliar experiences.
The above is an 1600-1700s style french dress, traditionally worn by the women of that time. While dresses for nobles were much more decorated and of better quality, but peasant dresses were similarly large and heavy. The style of dress is indicative of the patriarchal views of the time, as it was very restrictive and nonfunctional. The lack of functionality reflected the ideas about the minor roles and opportunities for women at the time.
This document is called: History of the Caribs: A Savage Nation Inhabiting the Windward Isles in America, and Part of the Terra Firma or Continent, written by Marquis de Lambertye. It describes the native peoples of the Caribbean as savages, demonstrating the negative attitudes of the French towards natives and the prejudices at the time.
France underwent cultural revolutions during this time that advanced the art, architecture technology, and beliefs at the time. France served as a major supporter of the Scientific Revolution, created architectural masterpieces, and contributed new information.
The above are sentences in both French and Nipissing, a Native American language. It is the work of Frenchmen Jean-Claude Mathevet, as he learned how to communicate in Nipissing. The intercontinental trade at the time fostered communication and interaction between groups of people on opposite sides of the world, as shown by the way French language and its cultural aspects spread and mingled with native North American cultures during the migration of French settlers. The interaction between French colonists and Native Americans allowed for the influence of both societies to spread, and allowed for both regions to experience further development in their major aspects of society.
During this period, the quality of the architecture of France increased dramatically. One of the most prominent pieces was the Palace of Versailles, pictured above in this seventeenth century painting. It was commissioned by Louis XIV, when he installed the Court and government there in 1682. It provided a place for nobles and government members to meet and live, helped centralize power, and provided a cultural center for art and architecture.Through the construction of the Palace, the French were able to advertise their power through cultural strength to the growing number of powerful nations.
During this time, The French reformed and became an absolute, centralized monarchy. The French government established itself in areas of the Caribbean and North America.
Development and Transformation of Social Structures
The above is an account of the establishment of the French in the Island of Martinique in 1635, in which a Jesuit priest Jacques Bouton claimed the Caribs of Martinique were too wicked to convert to Christianity. It shows that French interactions with the outside world often resulted in violence, prejudice, and attempts to convert natives and slaves encountered along the way
The above is the Memorandum for Setting the First Foundations of the Proposed Establishment on the Island of Cape Breton, and is a map of the French colony of Louisbourg in the Americas. It represents the major French effort towards colonization and spreading French influence at the time.
French Interactions with the Environment & The Development of French Culture
State Building & Expansion/Conflict