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Austin Poon

CALICUT

People

Indian Ocean Trade System

  • The city of Calicut was inhabited Christianity
  • The first voyagers to India, mistook the Hindus for Christians
  • Long beards and long hair
  • Pierced ears with gold earrings
  • They go naked down to the waist
  • They cover their lower parts with very fine cotton cloth

Culture Spread

Citations

  • Chinese, Hindu, Buddhist and Muslim cultural and religious influences spread along with the trading
  • The religions of Hinduism and Buddhism and Indian culture spread to the east and southeast
  • Chinese culture spread south and west
  • Merchants from different cultures met and they shared the idea of the trading rules and made universal rules that spread throughout the trading system of the Indian Ocean.
  • http://www.writework.com/essay/trade-route-systems-mediterranean-and-indian-ocean
  • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasco_da_Gama
  • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki History_of_Kozhikode#Arrival_of_the_Portuguese
  • http://blessingsonthenet.com/travel-india/destination/article/id/1770/tour/id/143/history-of-calicut
  • https://blueprintforhistory.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/soe-6-calicut-2.pdf
  • http://historicalleys.blogspot.com/2009/01/chinese-trade-at-calicut.html

Development

  • 3rd – 4th century BCE - the land where Calicut is now was an uninhabited area within the Chera Empire.
  • Calicut became recognized because of the discovery of the sea route to India in 1498 by the Portuguese navigator Vasco Da Gama.
  • When founded, Calicut became a city under the Chera Empire
  • It became the centre of a very active and prosperous trading port.

Trade

Summary/Conclusion

  • Black Pepper and Cardamom were the main spices that were traded.
  • Silk and Porcelain from China. Metals, Armor, Weapons and Purfume from Egypt and Persia, Horses and Glassware from the Meditteranean, and Slaves from the Mongol lands and East Africa.
  • Traders used the monsoon winds to exchange spices. (Ships powered by wind)

Role in the Indian Ocean Trade System

  • Calicut is a city in Southern India
  • Famous for the trading of spices
  • Effected Economics and helped spread cultures
  • Resources stolen from Vasco Da Gama
  • Friendly ties with the Chinese (Zheng He)
  • Was a major city within the Indian Ocean Trading System.
  • It was a major city within the Indian Ocean Trade System
  • In 1498, Vasco Da Gama arrived in Calicut, in search for their goods (spices, rice, etc.)
  • On February 1502, they bombarded Calicut and stole from them.

Calicut

Economic Effects

  • Calicut is in the state of Kerala (Southern India)
  • "City of Spices" - trading point eastern spices
  • Calicut as a Port City came up somewhere in the 13th Century.
  • Lasted ~1 Century because of it's frequent visitors

Zheng He's Voyages

  • Merchants started using systems of banking, money, checks, credit, bills, etc.
  • China was the first to develop this idea
  • Spread toward Calicut later
  • Helped make Calicut a major trading center within the system
  • Trade became more important in the economy of kingdoms and cities.
  • Trade changed many other economic effects, because everyone had a strong desire for foreign goods and a gain in wealth
  • Explorer/Fleet Admiral
  • Went to Calicut over 5 times
  • Calicut was powerful and well known at the time. The Zamorin ordered craftsmen to draw gold into hair-like fine threads, and weaved them into ribbon to make a gold girdle embedded with pearls and precious stones of all sort of colors and sent gift to the Ming emperor as tribute.
  • Ming emporer sent Zheng Di to Calicut with a shipload of presents in return.

Image by Tom Mooring

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