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References

Institute for Writing and Rhetoric. (2015).

Teaching writing as process. Dartmouth University. Retrieved from http://writing-speech.dartmouth.edu/teaching/first-year-writing-pedagogies-methods-design/teaching-writing-process

The Purdue OWL. (2016). The writing

process. Purdue Online Writing Lab. Retrieved from https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/section/1/1/

1. Invent

2. Create

What's the game plan?

- First, consult assignment/syllabus and review all requirements.

- Then, create a writing schedule.

- Conduct research

- Narrow the topic

- Develop the thesis

- Organize ideas

- Write the first draft

Thesis Statement

- Expresses the main idea of your essay

- Your thesis should:

1. Suggest your essay's direction/scope

2. Be direct and straightforward

3. Be discussable or argueable, not an announcement, statement of opinion, or statement of fact

Supporting Paragraphs

- Each paragraph in your essay should support your thesis statement and focus on one specific idea.

- Each paragraph should begin with a topic sentence that states the main idea of the paragraph.

- Support ideas with evidence from credible sources (outside research).

- Use transitional words/phrases

- Strive for coherence

Drafting

- Consider how your essay will be organized

(body paragraphs)

- Consider drafting of introduction and conclusion

- Draft = "dress rehearsal" for paper

- Fully develop paragraphs and use complete sentences

- Consider unity: everything connects back to the main point

- Plan to revise your draft several times throughout the writing process

How do we write?

What's your

writing process?

The Writing Process

  • We invent (pre-writing/brainstorming)
  • We compose (writing/drafting)
  • We revise (editing/proofreading)

Pre-writing Techniques

* The writing process is recursive, not linear.

  • Questions
  • Freewriting/Brainstorming
  • Mapping/Clustering
  • Journal Writing
  • Listing
  • Discussing
  • Outlining

Develop a Topic

Concept Mapping

Listing

- Make lists of ideas on a topic

- Ask yourself these questions:

1. Does the topic interest me?

2. Do I have something to say about it?

3. Is it too specific or too vague?

3. Revise

Determine Your Audience

- Ask yourself these questions:

1. Who are my readers?

2. What do my readers know about the topic?

3. What do my readers need to know about my topic?

4. How do my readers feel about my topic?

Writing-as-Product

vs.

Writing-as-Process

Determine Your Purpose

- Ask yourself these questions:

1. What is your reason for writing?

2. What tone will you assume when writing?

3. From which point-of-view (perspective) will you be writing?

- Identify issues with content (big picture)

- Ask yourself the following questions:

1. Does everything refer back to the main point?

2. Does each topic sentence refer back to the thesis?

3. Does each body paragraph contain enough supporting evidence?

4. Are all points connected to form a whole?

5. Do transitions move one idea to the next?

Process: writing as a way of knowing (writer-based)

Product: writing as a way of telling (reader-based)

Good product depends on good process!

Revision Tips

- Take a break from your draft before revising

- Read your draft out loud

- Imagine yourself as your reader

- Look for consistent problem areas

Proofreading

- Focuses on the lower-order concerns (grammar/punctuation/documentation) of the draft.

- Ask yourself the following questions:

1. Are sentences clear and easy to read?

2. Is the spelling correct?

3. Are there any grammatical errors?

4. Is it professional and academic in tone?

5. Does it adhere to the required documentation

style (APA, MLA, etc.)?

Editing Tips

- Print your draft and make corrections on a

hard copy, double-spaced, to allow room for comments

- Read your essay backwards

- Be cautious of spell-check and grammar-check (not always right!)

- Read your essay out loud

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