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The Infamous North Country

Rural Poverty in North Country Counties

http://www.stlawu.edu/sites/default/files/titus%20quad.jpg.

Conversely....

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Development and Perpetuation of Poverty on the outskirts of these counties

http://rollaboy.blogspot.com/2014_04_01_archive.html

http://www.zimbio.com/pictures/vUdPeL7uPKI/Mobile+Food+Pantry+Serves+Needy+Upstate+New/hcLK5ZLavz_

Presentation Outline

Economic Turmoil and "Recovery"

"farm expenses tripled, capital purchases quadrupled, interest payments jumped tenfold, and profits fell by 10 percent"

Osha Gray Davidson, Broken Heartland

Herbert Judd

  • Recovery occurred around 1933
  • 1950s, new technological boom revamped the face of farming
  • Big farms versus family-run farms

Canton, NY

  • Where is the North Country?
  • Background of NoCo trade
  • Booming Farming community
  • Economic Turmoil
  • The Perpetuation of Poverty and Repercussions
  • "the mandate switch to bulk milk tanks was the last nail in the coffin for small dairy farmers including himself, who were already facing economic difficulties"

(St. Lawrence County 2001 Agricultural Development Plan, 7)

  • St. Lawrence Seaway changed the labor pool (small farmers and laborers left farming to take jobs on the construction of the Seaway)
  • 1989: Poverty rate in the US was 12.9% while NY was 13% (10)

Background of NoCo Trade

  • Abbe Francois Picquet (Aldrich)
  • Fort de la in Ogdensburg (1749)
  • "rallying place for converted Indians, fortification against the English, and a port for the French fur trade"

(Federal Writers Project WPA, 534)

  • Attracted over 3,000 settlers

Booming Farming Community

  • 1800s and early 1900s
  • Between 1835 and 1845, population increased from 42,047 to 62,354 (St. Lawrence County Dev Plan, 2001)
  • Public Projects to protect agriculture

(Civilian Conservation Corps, CCC in 1933)

Where is the North Country?

Substance Abuse and access to Rehabilitation Centers

GOVT 290

April 28th 2015

By Cassie Christopher

http://www.dcnyhistory.org/Fact_Fancy/book/chap06.htm

The Perpetuation and Repercussions of Poverty

http://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2014/08/seeing-the-great-depression/379238/

Education and Nutrition

  • Birth into poverty increases chances of psychological effects such as depression and social problems during development (Exoo and Exoo)
  • 2011 Gallop Poll: 30.8% of people in the US that suffer from poverty also suffer from depression
  • Conversely... 50% of people with a mental disorder, suffer from substance abuse (Siso, Daniel)
  • Population Density
  • "average of 41.7 persons per square mile as compared to the average 401.9 persons per square mile in New York State as a whole" (Rhubarty, 10)
  • 12 areas of the North Country that are completely undeserved by mental health professionals
  • Heroin Example and Canton-Potsdam

Hospital

  • The cycle

http://esd.ny.gov/RegionalOverviews/NorthCountry/InsideRegion.html

  • 1990: Unemployment in Canton, NY was at 6.8%, by 2000 it rose to 20.0% (Jenison, 39)
  • NY has the widest top-bottom income among all 50 states (fiscalpolicy.org)
  • Tom Burns, the Chief Exec Officer of BOCES, "a good education can be a ticket out of poverty. But Students are at a disadvantage before they enter the classroom."

  • International Student Activist Organization of Suny Canton, SUNY Canton's Campus Theater on 2/5/14
  • Christopher Rediehs
  • "Schools are turning into social services"
  • "less than 34% of property owners in Canton pay 100% of taxes"
  • St Lawrence County: 60th out of 62 New York State Counties in terms of health factors (Mann, Brian)
  • Hermon-DeKalb Central: 60% of students are eligible for

a free or reduced lunch (Ann Adams, Superintendent)

  • Repercussions...

Conclusion

1) Education and Nutrition

2) Substance Abuse and access to Rehabilitation services

3) Government Benefits

"It only takes one accident, one debilitating disease or losing your job to begin the slippery slope toward a drowning in debt, losing your savings and winding up destitute"

Jen Simon (2014)

Sources Cited

  • What next?
  • No Definitive Solution
  • Reallocation of money towards education and social services in these Countries

Government Benefits

Aldrich, Judy. "A History of Agriculture in St. Lawrence County." In St. Lawrence County Agricultural Plan, 14. 2001 ed. New York: Cybertrail Outfitters, 2001.

Brown, Alyssa. "With Poverty Comes Depression, More Than Other Illnesses." With Poverty Comes Depression, More Than Other Illnesses. October 30, 2012. Accessed April 16, 2015.

Exoo, Calvin, and Christian Exoo. "This Is Your Brain on Poverty: What Science Tells Us About Poverty." Truthout. February 22, 2014. Accessed April 16, 2015.

Davidson, Osha Gray. Broken Heartland the Rise of America's Rural Ghetto. Expanded ed. Iowa City: University of Iowa Press, 1996.

Grant, Ian. "Healthcare Workforce Planning: The North Country Perspective." Lecture, Regional Workforce Healthcare Planning Meeting, May 15, 2014.

Hirsch, Zach. “Systemic hunger, right here in the North Country.” North Country Public Radio. April 15th, 2014.

“Income and Poverty in the United States: 2013- Tables and Figures” United States Census Bureau. 2013.

Mauro, Frank. "The State of the Working Class: An Uneven Recovery." The Fiscal Policy Institute 5 (2006): 32. Accessed April 16, 2015. www.fiscalpolicy.org

Mende, Susan. "Poverty Rates Released for Upstate School Districts." Watertown Daily Times. January 21, 2014. Accessed April 16, 2015.

“North Country: The State of Working New York.” Fiscal Policy Institute. 2003.

Pear, Robert. "Poverty termed a divorce factor." The New York Times. January 14, 1993. Accessed April 16, 2015.

“Poverty in St. Lawrence County.” 52 minutes, 2 seconds. Posted by “Dan Dullea,” May 3rd, 2014.

Rhubarty, Danielle. "The Perpetuation of the Rural Ghetto: A Case Study of St. Lawrence University." Department of Sociology, 2010, 54. Accessed April 16, 2015.

Sisto, Daniel. "Building Capacity and Promoting Value in the North Country." New York State Department of Health. April 1, 2014. Accessed April 16, 2015.

  • Christopher Rediehs
  • "the number people relying on medical and temporary assistance programs has grown 25% over the last five years. At the moment, the residents of St. Lawrence County are in about as much economic trouble as ever."
  • "40% more people living in St. Lawrence Country have signed up for SNAP benefits (Hirsh, Zach 00:13)

  • SNAP Benefits, Medicaid, etc.

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