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Charles Dickens (famous author of A Tale of Two Cities & A Christmas Carol) was an opium addict and died of stroke.
hydrocodone
a risk factor of heavily using opium
Kurt Cobain (the lead singer of Nirvana) used heroin to escape from the stress brought on by fame.
He committed suicide
correlated to the use of heroin.
Opiates/opioids attach to binding sites on nerve cells known as opioid/opiate receptor (that usually bind to natural pain relieving chemicals— endorphines and enkephalines) found in:
Elvis Presley (King of Rock and Roll) died from drug overdose. Autopsy findings state massive amounts of various prescribed painkillers were found in his system.
block the transmission of pain signals to the brain
suppress perception of pain
causing the following effects:
The use of opioids remains controversial due to concerns about side effects, effectiveness, and the potential for drug abuse and addiction.
It is altered, through the effects on the following systems:
PROLONGED USE causes dependence & tolerance
diarrhea, tremors, insomnia, etc.
Opiates often induces hypogonadism, due to a decrease in hypothalamic GNRH.
As GNRH decreases, it decreases the secretion of LH and FSH from the pituitary gland.
which interacts with sex organs and hormones
in secretion of sex hormones
There is still considerable controversy surrounding the type of conditions that should be treated, whether the treatment can be generally safe and effective in selected patients, and what the clinical goals should be.
Opiates contribute to the irregularity in production of neurotransmitters and hormones released into the body; this affects how the nervous system corresponds to the endocrine system.
Addictions And Recovery Website: Opiates. (2014, November 22). Retrieved January 20, 2015, from http://www.addictionsandrecovery.org/opiates-narcotics-recovery.htm
It produces irregular heart rate and breathing rhythm which affects the sync b/w the respiratory and cardiovascular system.
Caused by high dosages:
Drug Info. (n.d.). Retrieved January 20, 2015, from http://www.isate.memphis.edu/opiate.html
Drugs and the Nervous System. (2014, December 1). Retrieved January 20, 2015, from http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/D/Drugs.html#opiates
Famous People Who Have Been Addicted to Opiates. (n.d.). Retrieved January 20, 2015, from http://www.michaelshouse.com/opiate-addiction/famous-people-addicted-opiates/
How Drugs Affect Neurotransmittor. (n.d.). Retrieved January 20, 2015, from http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/i/i_03/i_03_m/i_03_m_par/i_03_m_par_heroine.html
Katz, N. (2005, January 1). The Impact of Opioids on the Endocrine System. Retrieved January 20, 2015, from http://www.inflexxion.com/uploadedFiles/Publications/Publications/Katz_2005_painmgt.pdf
Opiate Drugs List. (2014, September 15). Retrieved January 20, 2015, from http://www.opium.org/opiate-drugs-list.html
Opiate Pain Relievers for Low Back Pain. (2013, February 15). Retrieved January 20, 2015, from http://www.webmd.com/back-pain/opiate-pain-relievers-for-low-back-pain
Opiates. (n.d.). Retrieved January 20, 2015, from http://www.linkinghumansystems.com/drugs/opiates.html
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Pain, C. (2009, February 25). Result Filters. Retrieved January 20, 2015, from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19333165