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Mechanically powered flashlight
4
A Shaking Flashlight
Extra Why Components Are Used
Capacitor/ Super Capacitor- doesn't wear out as much as a battery-can be charged hundreds of thousands of times.
LED bulb- doesn't burn out like a normal bulb and can give the flashlight a long lifetime thus making it a useful emergency light.
Components Explained
Structure And Why Components Are Used
Magnet- generates the power as it passes through the wire coil, the stronger the magnet, the more power.
Coil- the size of the wire coil (the number of windings) will also determine how much power is generated.
Capacitor- stores the power that you generate while shaking the flashlight-higher the quality and larger, the longer the light output.
Switch and body- sturdiness and waterproofness of the flashlight.
Bulb- LED due to their reduced power consumption and durability; factors-the colour of the light and it's brightness.
How It Works
You shake the flashlight to charge it- switch to change it to charge mode then flip the switch back to let the energy stored in the capacitor light the LED.
A moving magnet within a coil of wire induces a current.
The moving magnetic field line cuts through the wires, this causes electromagnetic induction and an electric current, as well as voltages on the coils walls- a powerful magnet passes back and forth through the loop of wire.
Electromagnetic Induction
The production of an electromotive force (voltage developed by any source of electrical energy such as a battery or dynamo) across a conductor, this is when it is exposed to a varying magnetic field.
Disadvantages
Capacitor can't store much energy-limiting the operating time per charge.
Will have a strong magnetic field, so could interfere with analogue watches or cards with magnetic strips of info on them.
Sources
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_induction
http://www.cyberphysics.co.uk/topics/magnetsm/electro/ShakingFlashlight.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanically_powered_flashlight
http://www.shake-flashlights.com/how-they-work.html
http://www.comsol.com/blogs/computing-voltages-produced-electromagnetic-induction/