Chemical Reactions in Everyday Life

Digestion

Rust

Lab #1 - Confounding Color

• Enzymes in saliva breaks down sugar and other carbs

• HCl breaks down food even further

• Oxidation reaction
• Verdigris of copper
• Tarnishing of silver

• Rusting of Iron
• 4 Fe + 3 O2 = 2 Fe2 O3

Process

• 1) Add 25 drops of indicator and 200 mL of water in first flask
• 2) Add a pipet-full of vinegar into the second flask
• 3) Add a pipet-full of ammonia into third flask
• 4) Add 100 mL of vinegar into the fourth flask.
• 5) Slowly pour contents from first flask to second, then second to third, and so on

• Can you get a liquid to change color by simply pouring it into another container?

• Materials
• Four flasks, beakers, or drinking glasses
• Universal Indicator
• Vinegar
• Ammonia
• Pipets

Results

pH Scale

• Measures how acidic or basic a substance is
• Ranges from 0 - 14
• 7 = Neutral
• Above 7 = Acidic
• Below 7 = Basic
• Soren Sorensen

• Universal indicator is a chemical that changes color in the presence of acids and bases from a pH of 2 through 10

• Acids - Red, Pink, Orange, and Yellow
• Bases - Green, Blue, and Purple

Cooking

• Uses heat to cause a reaction in food

• Combines an acid with a base
• Yields water and some sort of salt
• Potassium chloride equation
• HCl + KOH = KCL + H2O

Acid - Base Reaction

Combustion

• Combines energetic molecules with oxygen
• Produces CO2 and H2O
• Combustion of Propane
• C3H8 + 5 O2 = 4 H2O + 3 CO2

Sources

Lab # 2 - Mystery Pitcher

https://www.thoughtco.com/examples-of-chemical-reactions-in-everyday-life-604049

http://www.edu.pe.ca/gulfshore/Archives/ACIDSBAS/scipage.htm

https://learning-center.homesciencetools.com/article/color-change-chemistry/

Can you pour red "Kool-aid" out of a pitcher of water?

Materials

• Phenolphthalein solution
• Sodium Carbonate (Na2 CO3)
• Vinegar
• 5 glasses and a non-see-through pitcher of water

Process

• 1) In the first glass, put a little less than 1/8 of a teaspoon of sodium carbonate, 6 drops of phenolphthalien solution in second glass, and three droppers of vinegar in thrid glass. the fourth glass will be more than three droppers of vinegar, and the last one be empty.

• 2) Add a few drops of water to the first glass and stir till the sodium carbonate is dissolved

• 3) Fill all the glasses with water from the pitcher, then pour them back in except for the one filled with mostly vinegar

• 4) Refill the 4 glasses up and then pour ALL 5 glasses, including the vinegar one, into the pitcher.

Caution - DO NOT DRINK!!!

Photosynthesis

Cellular Respiration

• Most Common & most important
• Convert CO2 and H2O to food and oxygen

6 CO2 + 6 H2O + Light = C6 H12 O6 + 6 O2

• Opposite of Photosynthesis
• Energy combines with oxygen and glucose to release ATP (energy for plants)

C6 H12 O6 + 6 O2 = 6 CO2 + 6 H20 + 36 ATPs

Results

• Phenolphthalein is also a pH indicator, but only turns colors in reaction to bases

• Poured into glasses then into pitcher - changes to red/pink color
• Poured into glasses then into pitcher again - changes back to colorless

Chemical Reactions in Everyday Life