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A Review of “Rethinking the Concept of Acculturation” (Schwartz, Unger, Zamboanga, & Szapocznik, 2010)

Previous Models of Acculturation

Receiving-culture

Heritage-culture

Bina Ali

Emily Blevins

CAPER Meeting 11/4/2013

Originally conceptualized as a unidimensional process

  • Limitation: heritage culture retention and receiving culture acquisition as opposing ends of a continuum

Berry’s bidimensional model of acculturation

  • Two dimensions creating four categories:

  • Limitations: arbitrary cut points, questionable validity of marginalization, and “one size fits all” perspective (i.e., lack of contextual and demographic consideration)

Discussion

  • How strong is the empirical evidence for the three dimensions of acculturation (practices, values, identifications)? Do these categories seem complete? Is anything missing?
  • Schwartz et al. (2010) argue that demography and context moderate acculturation. Should these factors be included in the multidimensional model?
  • How could this multidimensional model be incorporated into research on immigrant health outcomes?

Rethinking the "One Size Fits All" Model

Demography

  • Age
  • Race
  • Ethnicity

Context

  • Language
  • Country of origin
  • Location of resettlement
  • SES
  • Category of migrant

(voluntary, refugees, asylum seekers, sojourners)

  • "Context of reception"

(attitudes of receiving-culture)

Multidimensional Model of Acculturation

  • Acculturation: a complex phenomenon consisting of distinct components in terms of heritage and receiving cultural dimensions and in terms of practices, values, and identifications.

Background: Acculturation

"What changes during the process of acculturation"

  • Acculturation: changes as a result of contact with culturally dissimilar, people, groups, and social influences
  • Associated with health outcomes
  • Study’s purpose: propose an expanded, multidimensional model of acculturation that takes into account demography & context

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