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Demographic Transition

Model

Stage 4: Contracting

Stage 4 of the DTM is also showing a developed country. The birth rate is lower than the death rate because of low fertility higher education. This stage also has a long life expectancy.

Stage 1: Early Expanding

Stage 1 of the DTM is the representation of a developing country with a high birth rate but also an equally high death rate. This means that the health care system is very poor and there is a short life expectancy.

Population Pyramids & the DTM: Algeria

Stage 2: Expanding

Stage 2 of the DTM is also a representation of a developing country. The birth rate is still high while the death rate has a sudden drop; which indicates an improvement in health but still has its fair share of problems.

Stage 3: Stable

Stage 3 of the DTM is representing a developed country. The birth rate and death rates are balanced and the life expectancy is long. Since it is a developed nation, women are more educated which results in fewer children and smaller families.

By: Morgan Matiash and Bozana Markovic

Socials 11, Period 3

Look what happens to the 3

cohorts between the ages of 5-19.

What might have caused this?

Between the 3 cohorts from the ages of 5-19, the 2nd cohort is noticeably smaller. Throughout the 3 cohorts it goes out to in to out. The amount of 5-9 year olds and 15-19 year olds is closer together size wise, and the amount of 10-14 year olds is significantly smaller.

Analyze and

Compare

Algerian Civil War- December 26th, 1991- February 8th, 2002

  • an armed conflict between the Algerian government and various Islamist rebel groups which began in 1991
  • total death toll has been estimated to be somewhere between 44,000 and 200,000 people; mostly from attacks on civilians on children
  • thousands of men, women and children were murdered by Islamist guerrilla groups and security forces
  • some children participated in the war as soldiers for various local militias linked to the government and in different armed groups opposed to the governmental armed forces

Population

Pyramid

Birth Rate- # of births/ 1000 people

Death Rate- # of deaths/ 1000 people

Infant Mortality- # of infant deaths/ 1000 live births

Literacy- percent of population that read and write

Education Expenditures- amount of $ spent on

education

School Life Expectancy- the # of years a person is

educated for

Health Expenditures- amount of $ spent on education

Drinking Water Source- Improved: access to clean

water

Unimproved: no access to

clean water

The possible cause for the shortened smaller cohorts is the Algerian Civil War. This war resulted in many, many deaths and this may have been why the cohorts were reduced though the ages of 5-19.

Why is it important for a

dependency ratio to be

low?

From the age of 25 and onward, the pyramid follows a pattern of an expanding population pyramid. It begins to go in and there are less and less people as the ages increase.

Age Structure

It is important for a dependency ratio to be low because if a country has a high dependency ratio, that means people between the ages of 15-64 (the working age) are forced to work sooner in their lives for a longer period of time to support the dependent age groups (0-14 and 65+). With a low dependency ratio, it also means that the population would be stable because there isn't a crazy size difference between the age cohorts. Most developing countries have a very high dependency ratio while developed nations tend to have lower ones. This proves that it is important to have a low dependency ratio because it also contributes to creating more industrialized, healthy nations around the world.

Algeria VS Canada

Algeria

Canada

0-14 years = 28.75%

15-24 years = 16.64%

25-54 years = 42.84%

55-64 years = 6.42%

65+ years = 5.35%

Conclusion

Algeria has a big working age percentage of 65.9% so there is over 50% of the population working.

Birth Rate- 10.28 births/ 1000

people

Death Rate- 8.42 deaths/ 1000 people

Infant Mortality- 4.65 deaths/ 1000 live births

Literacy- 99% of total population

Education Expenditures- 5.3% of GDP

School Life Expectancy- 17 years

Health Expenditures- 10.9% of GDP

Drinking Water Source-

improved: 99.8% of population

unimproved: 0.2% of population

Birth Rate- 23.67 births/ 1000 people

Death Rate- 4.31 deaths/ 1000 people

Infant Mortality- 20.98/ 1000 live births

Literacy- 80.2% of total population

Education Expenditures- 4.3% of GDP

School Life Expectancy- 14 years

Health Expenditures- 6.6% of GDP

Drinking Water Source-

improved: 83.6% of population

unimproved: 16.4% of population

Algeria's dependency ratio (percent that is dependent) is 34.1%. This means that under 40% of the population is dependent on percentage of the population that is of working age.

Algeria is currently in the late expanding/beginning of the stable stage of the DTM and the goal is to get it to the stable stage and gain a stable population. In order to get there, there are a couple things the country would need to improve on. First, they would have to improve their health care system because the population pyramid starts to go inwards around the age of 30, which means there are less and less people. These people most likely died of preventable diseases and with better health care, some of these diseases could be prevented. The country could also better educate women so they can make an even better life for themselves and their families. Ensuring clean drinking water would also better the Algerian population and be another way to prevent the spread of diseases. In conclusion, if Algeria aims to achieve Canada's figures, they must try their best to improve upon their country through the suggestions above. If everyone in Algeria really puts in an effort to better their nation, they will be able to change their ranking from an expanding population to a strong, stable one.

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