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Federal Bureau Of Investigation

In June 1908, Attorney General Bonaparte created a Justice Department investigative unit by hiring nice Secret Service agents who had been previously contracted by the Justice Department, as well as an additional 25 new agents. (Bumgarner, 2013)

In 1935 the Bureau of Investigations changed its name to the Federal Bureau of investigations. (Bumgarner, 2013)

Criminal, Cyber, Response, and Services Branch

Executive Assistant Director – Robert Anderson, Jr.

References

Associated Press, T. (2005, 18 January). FBI Ditches Carnivore Surveillance System. Fox News Network.

Retrieved from http://www.foxnews.com/story/2005/01/18/fbi-ditches-carnivore- <%22>surveillance-system/

Bumgarner, Jeffrey B., Crawford, Charles, Burns, Ronald. (2013). Federal Law Enforcement: A primer.

Durham, NC: Carolina Academic Press

Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI) (2008a). The FBI and the American Gangster, 1924-1938.

Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI). Retrieved from http://www.fbi.gov/about-us/history/a-centennial- <%22>history/fbi_and_the_american_gangster_1924-1938

Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI) (2008b, April 24). The Unabomber. Federal Bureau of

Investigations (FBI). Retrieved from http://www.fbi.gov/news/stories/2008/april/unabomber_042408

Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI) (2010a, May 21). The Oklahoma City Bombing. Federal Bureau of

Investigations (FBI). Retrieved from http://www.fbi.gov/about-us/history/famous-cases/oklahoma-city- <%22>bombing

Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI) (2010b, May 21). 9/11 Investigation (PENTTBOM). Federal Bureau

of Investigations (FBI). Retrieved from http://www.fbi.gov/about-us/history/famous-cases/9-11-investigation <%22>

Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI) (2010c, September 14). FBI Timeline. Federal Bureau of

Investigations (FBI). Retrieved from http://www.fbi.gov/about- <%22>us/history

Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI) (2012a). FBI Quick Facts. Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI).

Retrieved from http://www.fbi.gov/about-us/quick- <%22>fact

Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI) (2012b). 2012 Photo Gallery. Federal Bureau of Investigations

(FBI). Retrieved fromhttp://www.fbi.gov/news/galleries/2012-photo-gallery/2012-photo-gallery <%22>

Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI) (2013, September 4). Executives. Federal Bureau of Investigations

(FBI). Retrieved from http://www.fbi.gov/about- <%22>us/executives/comey

Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI) (n.d.). Seal and Motto. Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI).

Retrieved from http://www.fbi.gov/about- <%22>us/history/seal-motto

Martin, Gus (2014). Essentials of Terrorism: Concepts and Controversies. (Third edition). Los Angeles, CA:

Sage Publications

The FBI reportedly had a “surveillance system that could monitor internet communications” called Carnivore. This system was able to “read Internet traffic moving through cooperating Internet service providers.” (Martin, 2014)

This brought a lot of negative publicity to the agency.

One of the biggest issues the public had was that the agency reportedly evaded demands for documents under a freedom of Information Act request filed by Electronic Privacy Information Center. (Martin, 2014)

There was also various glitches in Carnivore, that instead of intercepting suspected criminals emails, it inadvertently intercepted the emails of innocent Internet users. This glitch angered and embarrassed the Department of Justice, especially the Office of Intelligence Policy and Review. (Martin, 2014)

The FBI gave Carnivore a less threating name in 2001, and was named DCS-1000 instead.

In 2005, the FBI had reportedly abandoned the software and is now instead using a “unspecified commercial software to eavesdrop on computer traffic during such investigations and has increasingly asked Internet providers to conduct wiretaps on targeted customers on the government's behalf, reimbursing companies for their costs.” (Associated Press, T., 2005)

During the 1930s, the FBI received considerable public attention and accolades for the work it was doing to fight crime, most famously was the killings or captures of infamous gangsters, thus galvanizing public support. (Bumgarner, 2013)

The FBI spent nearly two decades hunting down the lone wolf Unabomber in the late 70s. The Unabomber “mailed or hand delivered a series of increasingly sophisticated bombs that killed three Americans and injured 24 more.” (Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI) , 2012b)

The Oklahoma City Bombing of 1995 was the worst act of terrorism (before September 11, 2001) the country had ever experienced. Investigations revealed that Timothy McVeigh had been behind the attacks. The investigation had turned out to be one of the most exhaustive in FBI history. ( Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI) , 2010a)

September 11, 2001, marked one of the most devastating and lethal terrorist attacks in history. This was the largest investigation the FBI had ever done and also the largest crimes scenes in FBI history. Post- 9/11, protecting America against threats, both internal and external, became job #1 for the FBI. (Bumgarner, 2013; Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI) , 2010b)

Teapot Dome Scandal was the leasing of naval oil reserve lands to private companies. (Bumgarner, 2013; Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI) , 2012a)

FBI Director William Burns, resigned his post due to the Teapot dome Scandal.

Burns used the FBI to “provide cover for the Harding Administration by discrediting members of Congress investigating the Teapot Dome Scandal, which related to bribes paid to government officials by oil companies seeking lucrative drilling rights on federal lands.” (Bumgarner, 2013)

This led to Hoovers reorganization of the FBI.

Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI) 2012b)

The FBI’s mission: “The mission of the FBI is to protect and defend the United States against terrorist and foreign intelligence threats, to uphold and enforce the criminal laws of the United States, and to provide leadership and criminal justice services to federal, state, municipal, and international agencies and partners.” Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI), 2012a)

Executive Assistant Directors

National Security Branch

Executive Assistant Director – John Giacalone

Intelligence Branch

Executive Assistant Director - Eric Velez-Villar

Criminal, Cyber, Response, and Services Branch

Executive Assistant Director – Robert Anderson, Jr.

The FBI Motto: Fidelity, Bravery, and Integrity

Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI) (n.d.)

Science and Technology Branch

Executive Assistant Director – Amy S. Hess

Information and Technology Branch

Executive Assistant Director and CIO – Jerome M. Pender

Human Resources Branch

Executive Assistant Director – Valerie Parlave

The FBI’s Priorities are:

7. Combat major white-collar crime

1. Protect the United States from terrorist attack

 

4. Combat public corruption at all levels

 

5. Protect civil rights

8. Combat significant violent crime

10. Upgrade technology to successfully perform the FBI’s mission

2. Protect the United States against foreign intelligence operations and espionage

 

3. Protect the United States against cyber-based attacks and high-technology crimes

 

6. Combat transnational/national criminal organizations and enterprises

9. Support federal, state, local and international partners

Bumgarner, 2013; Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI) , 2012a)

(Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI), 2013)

Director J. Edgar Hoover served as the 5th Director from 1924-1972.

Hoover established the Crime Laboratory in 1932.

Hoover implemented new standards for new agents, such as rigorous background checks, interviews, and new physical fitness standards. He also required agents to have a degree in Law or Accounting. (Bumgarner,2013; Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI), 2008a)

Hoover contributed most of his life to the FBI, serving 48 and changed the face and culture of the FBI.

After being led my corruption, Hoover wanted to professionalize the bureau and as many as 400 agents were fired because they were considered incompetent, unqualified, or considered political appointees. (Bumgarner,2013; Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI), 2008a)

Today the FBI is made up of 35, 104 employees. Which includes 13,260 special agents and 18, 306 support professionals, such as intelligence analysts, language specialist, scientists, information technology specialists and other professionals. (Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI), 2010c)

The FBI’s Headquarters is located in Washington, D.C. and have 56 Field offices located throughout the U.S. and 380 smaller offices called resident agencies in cities and towns across the nation. As well as 60 international offices called “legal attaches” in U.S. embassies worldwide. (Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI), 2010c)

(Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI), 2012b)

The FBI is led a director, James B. Comey was appointed on September 4, 2013 and is the seventh director of the FBI. (FBI)

The FBI is arranged into several branches and an Executive Assistant Director leads each branch. (FBI)

(Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI), 2012b)

Congress decided to expand the authority and jurisdiction of the Bureau.

For example:

1917, the Espionage Act, which forbade espionage, interference with the draft or attempts to discourage loyalty. (Bumgarner, 2013; Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI), 2010c)

1934, Congress passed a federal bank robbery statue, this made it a federal crime to rob a bank with holdings insured by the federal government. The investigation of robberies would be the job of the Justice Department’s Bureau of Investigations (Bumgarner, 2013; Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI), 2010c).

1932, Congress passed the Federal Kidnapping Act, this made it a federal crime to abduct another person and take that person across state lines. (Bumgarner, 2013; Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI), 2010c)

1910, Congress passed the Mann Act (also known as the White Slave Traffic Act), which outlawed human trafficking for forced prostitution and other forms of servitude, and gave jurisdiction over interstate crime. (Bumgarner, 2013; Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI), 2010c)

1908 was the birth year of the FBI. (Bumgarner, 2013;Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI),2010c; Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI),2012a)

Stanley Finch served as the head of the new detective bureau. His tittle was that of Chief Examiner.

On July 26, 1908, Attorney General Bonaparte, ordered the special agent force to report to the Chief Examiner, this could be considered the official start of the FBI. In March of 1909, Attorney General George W. Wickersham named the force the Bureau of Investigations. (Bumgarner, 2013; Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI), 2010c)

The Federal Bureau of Investigations to me is almost like the mother of all Federal law enforcement agencies. Although it is not the oldest agency, the FBI has been able to make a good name for them self’s in just 100 years.

It is interesting to see how this organization has grown dramatically over the years and has become such a prestigious agency all around the world.

As a young child the FBI was an agency I thought I would want to be a part of. I wanted to be apart of something big and important, and the FBI fulfilled just what I wanted.

As I have grown up and learned more about what they do, I have also learned even more about other agencies do and other opportunities that exist in public safety.

Now my interests have shifted from becoming an FBI agent to becoming a Denver Police Officer.

Saira Mendoza

December 7, 2014

CJC 3800

Dr. Jennifer Bradford

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